hapter 8 增译法.pptVIP

Chapter 8 Addition/Amplification(增译法) * . 所谓增译法，就是英汉翻译时，在译文中增补一些在修辞上、语法结构上、语义上或语气上必不可少的词。 * . 一、复数名词汉译引起的增译 从用天然金属制造出第一批物品以来，已经经过了一段漫长的过程。 After a series of experiments important phenomena have been ascertained. 经过一系列试验后，弄清了许多重要现象。 在使用这种仪器前，必须弄清它的各种性能。 You must know the properties of the instrument before you use it. It has come a long way from the first objects made out of a native metals. * . 二、抽象名词汉译引起的增译 为了得出电压的概念，让我们考虑一个简单的类似情况。 Solution to the heating problem of the electric machine was ultimately found. 电机发热问题的解决方法终于找到了。 医生从我身上得到的实践经验，会比其他普通病人得到的多。 The doctor will get more practice out of me than out of other ordinary patients. To get an idea of electrical pressure, let us consider a simple analogy. * . 三、添加量词引起的增译 我们试验的这三台计算机感染了病毒。 There is an oil electric pump in the workshop. 车间里有一台电动油泵。 河边上屹立着一幢高大建筑物。 There stands a high building by the river. The three computers in our school are infected by virus. * . 四、翻译省略成分引起的增译 水在高温时蒸发比在低温时蒸发快。 Water is the same substance whether (it is) in solid, liquid, or gaseous state. 不论水处于固态、液态或气态，它都是同一物质。 当发电机由蒸汽机、燃气轮机或水轮机驱动时，它便能发电。 Water evaporates more rapidly when the temperature is high than (water evaporates) when it is low. （一）、翻译为避免重复而出现的省略部分时的增译 A generator may generate electricity when (it is) driven by a steam engine, gas engine, or water wheel. * . 四、翻译省略成分引起的增译 这一结论原来是正确的。 We suggest that the test (should) be done by 12 o’clock. 我们建议这项试验应在12时前做完。 自然，我们应首先证明这条定理。 The conclusion proved (to be) correct. （二）、翻译由于英语语法规则而出现的省略成分时的增译 It is natural that we (should) prove the theorem first. * . 五、添加关联词引起的增译 如果用得好，这台控制器的寿命还能大大延长。 The life of this controller could be significantly improved with the proper using. Without moving parts, maintenance requirements are cut to minimum. 由于没有转动件，所需维护工作量可减少到最低限度。 Most of the vapor turns to liquid in the condenser and returns to the flask. 大部分蒸汽先在冷凝器中转化为液体，然后再回到烧瓶中去。 * . 六、添加表示时态的词引起的增译 溶液马上就要沸腾了。 The solution is about to boil. Our transmitter is sending out a seri