hapter5 Metabolism of organic matter in plant.pptVIP

Chapter 5 　Metabolism of organic matter in plant Section 1　Relation between organic matters 　primary products: CHO, aa, Protein, DNA 　intermediate products：Pyr, HS-CoA, OAA 　 * * Section 2 Secondary Metabolites Secondary Metabolites: derived from sugar, and large, diverse array of organic compounds that appear to have no direct function in growth and development. Function： Protection against herbivores and infection by microbial pathogens. 　As agents of plants-plants competition(Allelopathy). 　Attractants for pollinators and seed-dispersing animals. Principal groups: terpenes, phenolic compounds, nitrogen-containing secondary products. * 2.2 terpene (萜类) 2.2.1 Type: isoprene(异戊二烯) monoterpenes: pyrethroids(除虫菊酯), essential oil(精油) sesquiterpenes: gossypol(棉酚): defenses against fungal and bacterial pathogens. diterpenes: abietic acid(松香酸) triterpenes: phytoecdysones(植物蜕皮激素), limonoids polyterpenes: rubber GA, ABA, carotenoid, lycopene(番茄红素)，taxol(紫杉醇), camphor(樟脑) * 2.2.2 biosynthesis： Mevalonic acid pathway(甲羟戊酸途径) 2.3 Phenolic compounds 2.3.1 biosynthesis Shikimic acid pathway(莽草酸途径) malonic acid pathway(丙二酸途径) * 2.3.2 type 2.3.2.1 simple phenolic compounds phenyl propanoid(苯丙酸) phenyl propanoic lactone(苯丙酸内酯) benzoid acid(苯甲酸) Function: defenses against insect and fungi. phototoxicity: furanocoumarins(呋喃香豆素) Allelopathy * 2.3.2.2 Lignin It is covalently bound to cellulose and other polysaccharides of the cell wall. machanical support protection 2.3.2.3 Flavonoid anthocyanins(花青素): pollination and seed dispersal flavones(黄酮) and flavonols(黄酮醇): protect against damage by ultravioletic light. isoflavonoid(异黄酮): rotenoids * 2.3.2.4 Tannins deter feeding by herbivores 2.3.3 nitrogen-containing secondary products 2.3.3.1 alkaloid(生物碱) effect on animals: livestock death nearly