高考英语写作如何谋篇布局.doc

学科教师辅导教案 授课类型 T C T文章构思布局 教学目标 1. 掌握写作布局的三段式；2. 掌握如何对所给材料概括要点 星级 ★★ 授课日期及时段 教学内容 说明：教师引导学生重视文章的结构和布局，重在简洁清晰，便于理解。 英语写作一般包括一个开头段、一至两个扩展段和一个结尾段。开头段和结尾段一般比扩展段短。 一、开头段 1. 开头段的作用：概括陈述主题，提出观点或论点，表明写作意图。 开头段一定要语言精练，并且直接切入主题。开头段一般不对主题进行深入的探讨，具体的论证或叙述应该在扩展段进行。 2. 开头段的方法： 1.主题句法：开篇点明主题，用主题句，然后围绕主题内容进行发展。例如： I insist that teenagers’ secrets, if not at all, should be shared by their parents. 2.提问法：提出有争议或探讨性的具体问题，然后加以简要回答或展开引导性简短讨论。例如： What do you want from your work? Money? Promotions? Interesting challenges? Continual learning? Work based friendships? The opportunity to develop your own idea and potentials? Though we are all individuals and so our answers will differ, all agree that work provides more than material things. 3.引语法：使用引语(use a quotation)：使用一段名人名言，或人们常用的谚语、习语，以确定文章的写作范围和方向。例如： “Great minds must be ready not only to take the opportunity, but to make them.” Colton, a great writer once remarked. But it still has a profound significance now. To a person, in whose lifetime opportunities are not many, to make opportunities is more essential to his success. 4.数据法：使用具体详实的数字或数据，然后作出概括性分析，指明问题的症结所在。例如： The survey does draw my attention to the rapidly increasing prices in my daily life．Take food as an example．The prices of pork，beef, fish，chicken，as well as various vegetables，have risen by at least 20％．It seems that money is flowing out of our pockets more quickly, but silently． 5.背景法：给出背景，描述具体事件的时间、地点和发生背景等，例如： Once in a newspaper I read of a crowd of people who remained appallingly indifferent to the plea of a mother. As she failed to offer the required amount of cash as a price to save her drowning son, the woman at last watched her son sink to death. The story is not rare in newspapers and on TV, and the casualness and detachment our people now have developed has aroused nationwide concern. 6.定义法：针对讨论的主题或问题加以定义，然后进行深入探讨。例如： In my opinion, mercy is a kind attitude towards others. When you understand that somebody who has hurt you or has done something wrong to