“中国（艺术）风格”①陶中国园亭之西渐.pdfVIP

中国(艺术)风格町与中国园亭之西渐 Chinoiserie and the Migra•ion of the Chinese Garden Pavilion •o the Wes• (美)苏珊·斯科特撰文陈晓形译杨鸿勋校 (U .5.A.) Susan Clare Sco甘， Translated by CHEN Xiao-tong , Proofreading by YANG Hong-xun 摘 要: 17-18 世纪期间，由于欧洲人对中国事物的热情，中国的园亭作为中国风格的艺术建筑出现在了西方。在 13 世纪末马 可·波罗的{游记〉发表之后，有一些旅游者的叙述揭示了关于中国这块土地的更多的秘密，如 17 世纪的利玛窦(Matteo Ricci)和约 翰.ì;若伊霍夫(Johann Neuhoff) ,18 世纪的马国贤(Matteo Ripa)和王致诚(Jean Attiret)等。-然而，他们对中国园林和亭台的描述都 是不完整的、夸张的，或充满了神奇的色彩。在大多数的叙述中，亭台的作用被曲解为玩乐的地方。从英国和法国的具体例证中可以看 到，这些曲解，以及在建筑亭子时希望保持异国情调的愿望一一最早出现在英国，后来又遍及欧洲-一都体现了中国艺术风格。如 同显示在墙纸、瓷器、家具和挂毯上的情形一样，园亭也是以神奇、装饰、怪异、休闲、色彩艳丽的形式建造的，并成为 18 世纪欧洲人想 象中的纯粹的中国模式。 关键词:风景园林1 中国风格1 中国园亭1 西渐 文章编号: 1000-6664(2008)06-0007-06 中图分类号: TU 986 文献标志码:A 收稿日期: 2008-05-07; 修回日期: 2008-05-20 Abstract: This paper •races the migra•ion of the Chinese garden pavilion •o the Wes• during the seven•een•h and eigh•eenth centuries, as pa付 of the European passion for things Chinese that came to be called Chinoiserie. Beginning with Marco Polo-s 斤。ve/s， published in the la•e thirteenth century,• he mys•erious land called Cathay revealed a few more secrets wi•h subsequen•• ravelers accoun•S •hose of Malteo Ricci and Johann Neuhoff in the seven•een•h cen•ury; Ma悔o Ripa and Jean A甘Ire↑ in the eigh•eenth century, among others, all brough↑ incomple怡， exaggerated , or fantas•ic descrip•ions of China-s gardens and garden pavilions. Most telling, the purpose of the pavilion in the garden was misunderstood as a place for frivolous pleasure. As specific examples from England and France demonstra怡，↑hese misunders•andings, and the desire to main•ain the image of the exo•ic, resul•ed in the creation of garden pavilions一一-firs↑ in England,• hen throughou• Europe--that had all •he charaderistics of the a付s of Chinoiserie. Li ke •hose examples that appeared on wallpaper, porcelains, furni•ure and •apes•nes, garden pavilions were crea•ed in forms that were fantastic , decorative, whimsi