osi模型各层功能（Each layer function of OSI model）.docVIP

osi模型各层功能（Each layer function of OSI model） (1) physical layer of the data bits (bit), the physical layer data link layer to provide a physical link, to achieve a transparent bit stream (bit stream) transmission service, physical layer down to the physical media is to determine the network interface to connect the physical media of mechanical and electrical, function the characteristics and process. (2) data link layer data link layer is responsible for transmitting data at frame (frame) PDU between nodes on a single link to achieve reliable data transmission on less reliable physical links. The main functions of the data link layer include the establishment, maintenance and release of data link links, access control of the link, flow control and error control. (3) PDU, which is transmitted by network layer in network layer, is called packet or packet (packet), and it transfers packets between physical networks to deliver messages from source host to intermediate destination via intermediate forwarding node. The network layer is the highest level of the communication subnet, providing the host with two modes of virtual circuit and datagram. The network layer is mainly responsible for packet forwarding and routing. According to the routing table, the packet is transported from the source station to the destination station by leaps and bounds, and it can adapt to the changes of network load and topology, and dynamically update the routing table. (4) the PDU transmitted by the transport layer of the transport layer is called message, and the transport layer provides end-to-end reliable transmission services for the user processes between the source node and the destination node. End to end transmission refers to the two transport layer entities between the source node and the destination node, and does not involve routers and other intermediate nodes. In order to ensure reliable transport services, the transport layer has the following functions: connection oriented, f