辣木枝枯病病原菌鉴定及其生物学特性.PDFVIP

植物保护学报Journal of Plant Protection ，2017 ，44 （3）：481-487 DOI ：10.13802/ki.zwbhxb.2017.2016170 辣木枝枯病病原菌鉴定及其生物学特性 * * 康 迅 靳鹏飞 冯 霞 刘文波 郑服丛 缪卫国 （海南大学环境与植物保护学院，海口570228） 摘要：为明确海南省辣木枝枯病病原菌及其生物学特性，采用组织分离法获得菌株MO 157，通过 柯赫氏法则、形态学特征及分子生物学技术对该菌株进行鉴定，并测定了其菌丝生长的最佳条件。 结果表明，菌株MO 157 回接10 d 后，辣木茎干表面周围呈黄褐色，随后发病部位表现出水渍状病 斑，与自然发病辣木的病状相符；菌落近圆形，菌丝初期呈白色绒毛状，后期呈浅黄色，分生孢子顶 胞钩状，3~5 个隔膜，厚垣孢子呈球形，在菌丝间串生；菌株MO 157 的ITS 序列与GenBank 中木贼镰 刀菌Fusarium equiseti 的相似性为100%，结合形态特征与分子鉴定最终将其确定为木贼镰刀菌 （GenBank 登陆号：KX 197955）。该菌菌丝生长适宜温度25~30℃，最适温度28℃；pH 6~8 时菌丝生 长速率增快，pH 7 时最适菌丝生长；PDA 培养基和PSA 培养基最适合该菌生长,以蔗糖为碳源时利 用率最高；以牛肉浸膏为氮源时利用率最高；该菌致死温度为65℃，10 min ；光照对菌丝生长影响较 小，不同处理间菌落直径无显著差异。 关键词：辣木；枝枯病；病原菌鉴定；木贼镰刀菌；生物学特性 Identification and biological characteristics of the pathogen causing shoot blight of Moringa oleifera Kang Xun Jin Pengfei Feng Xia Liu Wenbo Zheng Fucong* Miao Weiguo* （College of Environment and Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan Province, China） Abstract: To clarify the pathogen causing shoot blight of Moringa oleifera and its biological character- istics, the strain MO 157 was obtained using the method of tissue isolation, the strain MO 157 was identi- fied based on the Koch ’s postulates, morphological characteristics, molecular biological technology, and the optimum growth rate of mycelium were determined. The results showed that the water-soaked brown spots were observed on the surface of infected stems ten days after inoculation, which was simi- lar to the symptoms and signs on stems in the field. The colonies of strain MO 157 were suborbicular. The mycelium was white initially and turned yellowish later. The co