现在完成时中非延续性动词转换.docVIP

现在完成时中非延续性动词转换现在完成时是初中英语语法的重点之一。它表示过去发生的某一动作或存在的状态，一直持续到现在，并可以和以for或since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，也可以用在以“how long”提问的句子中，句子中的谓语动词一般为延续性动词。但是，有些动词所表示的动作是短暂的，这类动词叫做非延续性动词。如：come, go, reach, arrive, leave, borrow, buy, join, die, begin, start, finish等。在现在完成时的句子中，非延续性动词作谓语动词时，不能和表示一段时间的状语连用。 同学们在使用这两类动词作谓语动词时，常会出现错误。例如： （误）Tom has bought the book for a week. （正）Tom has had the book for a week. （误）My father had joined the Party for ten years. （正）My father has been in the Party for ten years. 如果要表示动作的连续性，就要把非延续性动词转换成相应的延续性动词或短语，具体转换如下： come/go/reach/arrive→be in/at, leave→be away from, borrow→keep, buy→have, join→be in/be a member of, die→be dead, start/begin→be on, finish/end→be over, open→be open (adj.), close→be closed (adj.), marry→be married 注意： 1. 非延续性动词可以在现在完成时的否定句中作谓语，并可以与for，since引导的时间状语连用，表示动作的延续过程。例如： She hasnt bought any new clothes since last year. 2. 在现在完成时的肯定句中，非延续性动词作谓语时不能与for，since引导的表示一段时间的状语连用，但可以用其他句式来表示同一个意思。例如： He has been away from Beijing for two years. = He left Beijing two years ago. = It is two years since he left Beijing. = Two years has passed since he left Beijing. 练习：用现在完成时改写下列句子，使A，B两句意思基本一致。每空限填一词。 1. A. They came to our school in 1980. B. They ____ ____ ____ our school since 1980. 2. A. The man died five years ago. B. The man ____ ____ ____ for five years. 3. A. The meeting began two minutes ago. B. The meeting ____ ____ ____ for two minutes. 4. A. We borrowed two books last week. B. We ____ ____ the two books for a week. 5. A. When did the train arrive here? B. How long ____ the train ____ here? 编辑/丁俊玲 1