水土流失及其对农业非点源污染的影响.pdfVIP

Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin Vo1．24 No．6 2008 June http：llwww．casb．org．cn ·408· 水土流失及其对农业非点源污染的影响 胡宏祥．马友华 (安徽农业大学资源与环境学院，合肥230036) 摘 要：农业非点源污染已经成为制约经济、社会和环境可持续发展的重要因素，并直接影响人们的饮水 和粮食安全。文章介绍了水土流失和农业非点源污染的概念，分析指出水土流失是农业非点源污染发生 的重要形式和运输载体。在概括水土流失影响因素的基础上，提出了水土流失的防治对策，给出了水土 流失和农业非点源污染研究的建议。 关键词：水土流失；农业非点源污染；运输载体；防治 中图分类号：S157；X53 文献标识码：A Soil and Water Loss and Agricultural Non-point Source Poilufion 。 Hu Hongxiang，Ma Youhua (School ofResources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural Unwe~ity Hefei 230036) Abstract：The agricultural non——point source pollution has become an key problem that restricts the sustain—· able development of economy，society，and environment，and directly affects water and agricultural products safety of the people．This paper introduces the basic concept of soil and water loss and agricultural non—point source pollution，and then points out that soil and water loss is the important form and transportation carrier of agricultural non—point source pollution．On the basis of summary influencing factors of soil and water loss， the paper proposes some countermeasures for soil and water loss control，and also gives some advices to the study of soil and water loss and agricultural non—point source pollution． Key words：soil and water loss，agricultural non—point source pollution，transportation carrier，control coun— term easeires 农业非点源污染不仅是导致河流、湖泊、口岸地区 染相结合的研究报道明显不足。因此，借鉴国内外农业 地表水污染的主要原因，而且也是造成地下水污染和 非点源污染和水土流失的研究成果，从水土流失角度 湿地生态环境退化的重要原因【”。所以，近20多年来， 认识农业非点源污染过程和特征，可深刻剖析农业非 农业非点源污染成为全球关注的焦点 【硎。据报道，20 点源污染机理，形成有效的农业非点源污染防治措施， 世纪9O年代，全球30％～50％的陆地面积受到农业非