格氏反应（Grignard Reaction）.doc

格氏反应（Grignard Reaction） Grignard Reaction Halogenated hydrocarbons in anhydrous ether or tetrahydrofuran and generate alkyl magnesium metal magnesium halide RMgX, the organic magnesium compounds called Grignard reagent (Grignard Reagent). Grignard reagent can react with aldehydes, ketones and other compounds, after hydrolysis to produce alcohol, this kind of reaction is called the Grignard reaction (Grignard Reaction). Grignard reagent is one of the most widely used reagent in organic synthesis, it is by the French chemist gelinniya invented (V.Grignard). In 1871, seeborg Grignard was born in France (Cherbourg Frace). When he was in Lyon (Lyons) University, worked from Babia (P.A.Barbier) professor. At that time, mainly engaged in research of Babia organic zinc compound, he got two methyl zinc to zinc and iodine methane reaction, the organic zinc compounds are used as Methylating reagent. Later, the metal magnesium zinc Babia alternative to try, also have similar metal organic compounds, but relatively harsh reaction conditions. Therefore。 Babia let Green that continues to make further research on the preparation of organic magnesium compound system. The study found that the reaction can be conveniently obtained new compounds with methyl iodide and magnesium in ether medium without separation with aldehyde or ketone occurs further reaction, the reaction product can be obtained after hydrolysis of the corresponding alcohols. The reaction process can be expressed as: Later research showed that alkyl magnesium halide (i.e. Grignard reagent) can be used in many reactions, wide range of applications, and soon become the most commonly used reagents in organic synthesis of. The invention of Grignard reagent will greatly promote the development of organic synthesis, Grignard and therefore won the 1912 Nobel prize in chemistry. Usually, a variety of halogenated hydrocarbons and magnesium reaction can generate Grignard reagent. However, magnesium halides and different reactio