人口结构调整与人口均衡型社会的建设-人口研究.PDF

34 5 2010 9 V ol34, N o5 S ep tem ber 2010 22 P opu lation R esearch 要建立人口均衡型社会, 就必须处理好人口与自然环境之间的均衡问题人口内 部结构的均衡问题以 人口与社会经济发展之间的均衡问题但自然环境的变化是缓慢的, 社会 经济发展本身与人口密不可分, 故短期内只有通过人口结构的调整, 使之与自然环境社会经济发 展的需要相均衡对当前的中国人口来说, 最重要的结构均衡问题是: 少儿人口性别比的均衡, 人 口年龄结构的均衡, 人口内部不同人力资本结构的均衡, 人口地区分布的结构均衡, 人口的城乡结 构均衡, 人口的阶级阶层结构均衡 人口均衡型社会; 自然环境; 社会结构 张翼, 中国社会科学院人口与劳动经济研究所研究员北京: 100732 Read just ing Popu lat ion Structure and Constructing a Population Equ i l i bri um S oc iety Zhang Y i Abstract: In order to establish a population equilibrium soc ei ty, some probel ms should be ad dressed properly, such as popual tion and env ironment equilibrium, population structure equilibrium and equilibrium between popual t ion and socioeconom ic deve lopment. Natura l environment can be only improved slow yl; adjustment of popual tion structure is the best choice to better the equilibrium between popual tion, environment and socialeconomy. Severe equilibrium problems that China cur rently faces are concerning sex ratio at birth, population aging and age structure, educat oi n and hu man capital structure, regiona l popual t oi n distribution, urban and rura l structure of popual t ion, and population c al ss structure. Keyw ords: opual t oi n Equilibrium Society, Natural Env ironment, SocialStructure Author: Zhang Y i is rofessor, Inst itute of opual t ion and Labor Econom ics Research, Chinese Academy of SocialSciences. Beijing 100732. Emai:l zhangy@i cass. org. cn 5 23 , ,, , , , , , , !! ! , , , , , , , ,, , , , ,,; ,, , ,∀#, , ∀ # ,, : , ; , ; , : 1