Language acquisition 语言获得和习得.pptVIP

Language Acquisition;;1.Introduction; In the acquisition of mother tongues, despite of a certain individual differences, all normal children, brought up with appropriate mother tongue input in appropriate linguistic context, can successfully acquire their mother tongues and the stages they experience in the mother tongue acquisition are similar. ; Language acquisition is primarily the acquisition of the grammatical system. No one can store all the words and expressions in his mind. A child usually constructs his grammatical rules by listening to the linguistic input that surrounds him and speaks according to his own constructed grammar. Without these productive rules, a language user would be unable to produce and understood an unlimited number of sentences which he has never heard or used before. ; Language acquisition is mainly the acquisition of grammatical rules. This does not mean that it is the acquisition of each specific rule. What a child has acquired is a limited number of highly abstract and general principles, ignoring the irregular cases. ;Eg: A child may add “-s ” to the end of a noun to form the plural form, whether the noun is regular or irregular. Therefore, the mistakes that a child makes are systematic and predictable. ;2.Theories of Child LA;;3. Cognitive Development in Child Language Development;4. Language Environment and the CPH;;5. Features in Child Language Development; 6. The Stages in Child Language Development ? prelinguistic stage (babbling) ? the one-word stage – holophrastic sentences -- overextension ? the two-word stage – with clear syntactic and semantic relations, but absent of markers ? the multiword stage – telegraghic speech – lack grammatical morphemes, but follow the principles of sentence formation; The development of CLA: ? phonology – bilabials and 3 basic vowels ([i:] [u:] [a:] ) ? syntax – NP, VP, negative