我国学校体育课程考试发展变化及其特点.docVIP

我国学校体育课程考试发展变化及其特点摘 要：分析我国60年来学校体育课程考试变化的历史背景、主要动因，总结学校体育课程考试变化的作用和意义，探讨了升学体育考试的教育政策和教育学的理论意义。我国学校体育课程考试的主要变化特点是考试由阶段性向选拔性发展，考试的规模由小变大，考试的级别由低变高。我国教育由应试教育向素质教育的推进过程中，体育充当了重要的角色。学校体育考试由成就考试到升学考试，将有利于提高体育课程的地位和作用、促进学生锻炼身体，扭转学生体质下降的局面。 关 键 词：学校体育；体育课程；考试；中国 中图分类号：G807 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1006-7116(2012)05-0089-04 Changes and characteristics of the development of school physical education curriculum examinations in new China LI Jing-bo （Department of Physical Education，Sun Yat-Sen University，Guangzhou 510275，China） Abstract: The author analyzed the historical backgrounds and main causes for the changes of school physical edu-cation curriculum examinations in new China in the past 60 years, summarized the functions and significances of these changes, and probed into education policies for entrance physical education examinations and the theoretical significances of pedagogy. The main characteristics of the changing of school physical education curriculum ex-aminations in China are as follows: the examinations were developed from stage specific examinations to selection oriented examinations; the examination scales were developed from small scales to big scales; the examination levels were developed from low levels to high levels. Sport played an important role in the process of evolution of education in China from examination oriented education to quality oriented education. The development of school physical education examinations from achievement examinations to entrance examinations will be conducive to enhancing the status and functions of the physical education curriculum, promoting physical exercising by students, and turning around the situation of student fitness deterioration. Key words: school physical education；physical education curriculum；examination；China 考试作为人类教育制度发展的标志，具有评价、选拔、鉴别、激励等功能。教育学理论认为，以考试目的可分为成就考试、选拔考试、合格考试；按考试的规模可分为国际性考试、国家考试、地区考试、单位考试等[1]。成就考试可检验学生阶段学习效果，如学期考试、学年考试等；选拔考试是从同类考生中挑选具有接受某级教育或从事某种职业者的考试，如升学考试、招工考试等；合格考试是检验学生达到规定的标准或水平的考试，