Reactions of Calcium and Sodium during （钙和钠的反应）.pdfVIP

Reactions of Calcium and Sodium during Combustion of Lignite * A. D. Shah, G. P. Huffman , F. E. Huggins, and N. Shah, CFFLS, 533 S. Limestone St., University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506-0043 J. J. Helble, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT T. W. Peterson and J. Wendt, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ A. F. Sarofim, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT Abstract Calcium and sodium are abundant elements in low rank coals that can play a major role in ash fouling and slagging processes that result in reduced boiler efficiency during combustion. This paper presents an analytical investigation of the reactions of calcium and sodium during combustion of a lignite in two different combustion facilities. The principal analytical technique used in the study was computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy (CCSEM). Complementary data were obtained using x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The reactions of calcium and sodium with clay minerals, quartz, and SO2 are interpreted using ternary composition diagrams and particle size distributions (PSD) derived from the CCSEM analysis of the ash. It is found that Ca and Na may react either with aluminosilicates derived from clay minerals to form Ca- and Na- containing glass phases or with SO to form Ca, Na and Ca-Na sulfates. 2 Introduction The current paper is focused on the analytical results obtained from ash samples generated from Beulah lignite in combustion tests conducted at the University of Arizona (UA) and at the State Electricity Commission of Victoria (SECV) in Austral