封开地区农村儿童哮喘影响因素病例对照探究.doc

封开地区农村儿童哮喘影响因素病例对照探究[摘要] 目的：探讨封开地区农村儿童哮喘的相关影响因素。方法：应用1:1配对的病例-对照研究方法，采用问卷调查方式，对本地区180对哮喘儿童（病例组）和非哮喘儿童（对照组）的哮喘相关影响因素进行调查，并进行单因素和多因素条件Logistic回归分析。结果：被动吸烟、住房装修过、取暖烧煤烹调烧柴、居住地周围1 km以内有工厂是本地区农村儿童哮喘的危险因素，而床褥经常晾晒是其保护因素。结论：儿童哮喘的发病与多种环境因素密切相关，而识别高危人群及其危险因素和保护因素是儿童哮喘最有效的预防措施。 [关键词] 哮喘；儿童；影响因素；病例对照研究 [中图分类号] R725 [文献标识码] C[文章编号] 1674-4721（2011）07（b）-135-03 Case-control study on influence factors of childhood asthma in rural area of Fengkai Country DENG Renhua1, DENG Zhi2 1.Department of Pediatrics, Nanfeng Center Hospital of Fengkai Country, Guangdong Province, Fengkai 526533, China;2.Chronic Diease Frevention and Control Station in Fengkai Country, Guangdong Province, Fengkai526500, China [Abstract] Objective: To explore the influence factors of childhood asthma in rural area of Fengkai Country. Methods: A 1:1 matched and hospital-based case-control study was conducted to analyses influence factors by single and multiple Logistic regression model. Results: The passive smoking, renovated housing, heating coal and cooking wood and place of residence within a factory around the 1 km were the risk factors of childhood asthma in rural area, but regularity drying the bedding was the protective factor. Conclusion: The incidence of childhood asthma is closely related with a variety of environmental factors, while identify high-risk populations and their risk factors and protective factors for childhood asthma were the most effective preventive measures. [Key words] Asthma; Children; Influence factors; Case-control study 支气管哮喘是儿童时期最常见的呼吸道慢性疾病之一，已成为严重影响儿童生长发育和生活质量的重要因素。我国儿科哮喘协作组于2000年对全国儿童哮喘的患病率抽样调查结果显示[1]，我国城市0～14岁儿童哮喘的累积患病率为0.25%～4.63%，与以往调查的结果相比，呈明显的上升趋势，这与全球总的哮喘患病率上升趋势一致。儿童哮喘的发病除了与遗传因素相关外，更多是受多种环境因素的影响，在农村地区被动吸烟和室内煤烟污染影响更为突出。目前，国内有关农村地区儿童哮喘影响因素的研究资料甚少。为此，笔者通过成组患者对照研究的方法，去探讨封开地区农村儿童哮喘的影响因素，为本地区深入认识哮喘病因及预防与控制儿童哮喘提供一定科学参考依据。 1资料与方法 1.1 一般资料 选取2008年1月～2010年10月在本院就诊的2～13岁哮喘患儿180例，其中，男112例，女68例，平均年龄为8.2岁。儿童哮喘诊断标准：参照全国儿童哮喘协作组制定的《儿童支气管哮喘防治常规（试行）》[2]。同时也选取与病