休闲调适策略对日常生活压力之影响 - 台北六区教育资源均质化学校 .doc

休閒調適策略對日常生活壓力之影響 －以台北縣新莊市老年人為例 陳智瑩 【摘要】本研究主旨在探討老年人的生活壓力與休閒調適策略的相關性。研究對象以台北縣新莊市年滿65歲以上的老年人為研究對象，本研究是以問卷調查進行資料的蒐集，問卷內容包含老年人的生活壓力、休閒調適策略及其個人社經背景。問卷調查是採滾雪球抽樣方法，總計發放之問卷600份，回收有效問卷385份，回收率為64.2 %。研究結果顯示老年人對生活壓力感受最高者為「憂心個人健康狀況」，其次是「親人的死亡」及「親人患病或受傷」。而透過因素分析將36題生活壓力問項萃取出「經濟及家庭問題」、「人際關係問題」、「健康及子女問題」、「婚姻問題」及「生活改變」等五個老人生活壓力構面。老年人之休閒調適策略方面，研究透過因素分析將15題休閒調適策略歸納為「提昇正面情緒的休閒」、「舒緩身心的休閒」及「友伴式的休閒」等三個構面；其中以「提昇正面情緒的休閒」調適策略受老年人採用的程度最高，其次為「友伴式的休閒」調適策略。老年人的生活壓力與休閒調適策略之相關性並不強烈；其中，在遭遇「經濟及家庭問題」時多採用「舒緩身心的休閒」來調適；在遭遇「健康及子女問題」時多採用「友伴式的休閒」的調適策略；而「提昇正面情緒的休閒」之策略與生活壓力均無顯著相關。根據研究結果，本研究對於老人休閒、保健與社會福利等單位提出增加老人休閒設施等相關具體的建議，做為未來規劃老年政策之參考。 【關鍵字】老年人、生活壓力、休閒調適策略、新莊市 The Effect of Leisure Coping Strategies on Daily Life Stress: A Case of The Elderly in Shin-Juang, Taipei County Chih-Ying Chen Cheng-Ping Wang 【Abstract】The purposes of this study were to survey daily stress and leisure coping of the elderly, and the relationship between daily stress and leisure coping. The targeted group was the senior people age over 65 who live in Shin-Juang, Taipei County. With snowball sampling method, 600 copies of questionnaires were sent out and 385 of them were available. The response rate was 64.2 percentage. Statistic techniques, including descriptive statistics, factor analysis, and multiple regression analysis were applied to analyze the data. The results were concluded as below: (1) the major daily stresses of the elderly were in an order of “personal health anxiety”, “death of close family member” and “close family member in sickness or injury”; (2) leisure coping strategies for the elderly are in an order of “leisure mood enhancement”, “leisure companionship”, and “leisure palliative coping”; (3) there are positive relationship between “family finance problem” and “leisure palliative coping”, “health and children’s problem” and “leisure companionship” are also positively correlated, but “living changes” and “leisure palliative coping” are negatively correlated. Based on these results, it is suggested that t