翻译基本技巧.ppt

翻译的基本技巧;每周一练（Practice）;Mrs. Gage measured out and packed five bushels of string beans, three of which were then sold to a lawyer called Arthur Hunt. ＊Bushel：a United States dry measure equal to 4 pecks or 2152.42 cubic inches → 盖奇太太量出并包装好五蒲式耳的菜豆，把其中三蒲式耳卖给一个名叫阿瑟·亨特的律师。 （包含全部48个音标）;My Very Educated Mother Just Served Us Nine Pickles. ＊Pickle：1.（esp. vegetables) preserved in vinegar or salt water; 2. (Informal) A disagreeable or troublesome situation → 我的素有教养的母亲给我们拿了九条酸黄瓜。 → 正是我那受过教育的母亲为我们九个孩子操透了心。 （每个单词的首字母 → 九大行星）;九大行星The Nine Planets ;Some fishing boats were becalmed just in front of us. Their shadows slept, upon that water, a gentle quivering alone showing that it was not complete sleep, or if sleep, that it was sleep with dreams. ＊becalmed：rendered motionless for lack of wind → 渔舟三五，横泊眼前，樯影倒映水面，仿佛睡去，偶尔微颤，似又未尝深眠，恍若惊梦。;岳阳楼记 范仲淹;翻译的基本技巧;转 性—— 转换词性;名词 → 动词 （1）;名词 → 动词 （2）;名词 → 动词 （3）;名词 → 动词 （4）;介词 → 动词;形容词 → 动词;副词 → 动词;其他转性—— 转至名词;形容词→名词 Tom was eloquent and elegant – but soft. → 汤姆有口才、有风度，但很软弱。 My ID card will be good for the rest of my life. → 我的身份证有效期为终身。 → 我的身份证终身有效。;其他转性—— 转至形容词;变 态—— 语态转换;被动（E）→主动（C）;被动（E）→被动（C） ;“消解”被动语态;增补与省略;I fell madly in love with her, and she with me. → 我狂热地爱上了她，她也狂热地爱上了我。{增加遗失成分} My teaching, my family and my friends are more than enough to fill my time. → 我要教学、料理家务、结交朋友，这些使我简直忙得不可开交。{增加动词} Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. → 有些书须浅尝辄止，有些书须生吞活剥，一少部分则须细细品味，慢慢消化。{增加形容词} ;No sooner had he sit down than he began talking, words poured out. → 他一坐下来就讲开了，滔滔不绝地讲个没完。{增加副词} C：意合语言，讲究顺畅、精炼 → 省略 On August 16, 1983, they started for the South to seek their fortune. → ……1983年8月16日，他们动身去南方寻求生路。{省略介词};We live and learn. →……活到老，学到老。{省略名词} There is a western film in town this week. Have you seen it? → 本周城里在上映一部西部片，你看了吗……？{省略宾语代词} I washed my face in the morning. → 我早上洗……脸。{省略物主代词};He looked gloomy and troubled. → 他看上去有些忧愁……不安。{省略并列连接词} Because the departure was not easy, we made it brief. →……告