药物成瘾drugaddiction.ppt

* * * * Same nucleus, different substituents. * * * * Drugs with red underline are NRIs. * Five golden flowers: 舍曲林（Sertraline）、帕罗西汀（Paroxetine）、氟西汀(fluoxetine)、西酞普兰（Citalopram）、氟伏沙明（Fluvoxamine） * In 1999, fluvoxamine came under great public scrutiny after it was discovered that Eric Harris, one of the two teenage shooters involved in the Columbine High School massacre (12 students and one teacher died), had been taking the drug. The FDA has added a Black box warning for this drug in reference to increased risks of suicidal thinking and behavior in young adults and children. A study from the Institute for Safe Medication Practices identified Luvox as being 8.4 times more likely than other medications to be associated with violence. * In new five golden flowers: Bupropion replaces Fluvoxamine In 2007 it was the fourth-most prescribed antidepressant in the United States retail market. * * Experimental studies suggest that inhibition of more than 70% of MAO-A activity is necessary for the antidepressant effect of selegiline. At oral doses that selectively inhibit MAO-B (5–10 mg/day), selegiline does not seem to have potent antidepressant activity, although it does show success as an adjunctive treatment for Parkinson disease and does not necessitate any dietary restriction. Only at higher oral doses (20–60 mg/day), at which MAO-B selectivity is lost, is the antidepressant effect seen. But the higher doses necessitate dietary restrictions. Therefore, patients who are taking the oral selective MAO inhibitor selegiline have to follow the same dietary restrictions as patients taking the nonselective ones. * Tranylcypromine反环丙胺 * * * * * Some theories on how ECT works…seizure activity causes an alteration of the NTs or adjusts the stress hormone regulation in the rain which may affect energy , sleep appetite and mood * * When coil is held up to the head of a subject, the magnetic field produced penetrates the scalp and skull and induces a small current in the brain pa