非洲菊白粉病病原鉴定及蜡蚧轮枝菌防治试验.pdf

园 艺 学 报 2010 ，37 （11）：1803 –1810 Acta Horticulturae Sinica 非洲菊白粉病病原鉴定及蜡蚧轮枝菌防治试验 刘 芳，高 原，张竞颐，刘红霞* （北京林业大学林学院，北京 100083 ） 摘 要：采用致病性测定、形态学和分子生物学方法将山东省德州市非洲菊白粉病的病原菌鉴定为 Sphaerotheca fusca ，并测定出其分生孢子萌发的最适温度为25 ℃，最适pH 6.0 ，萌发时需要 100%的相对 湿度。在此基础上，进行了蜡蚧轮枝菌制剂防治非洲菊白粉病的试验，结果表明，浓度为 2.6 ~ 3.3 g · L-1 的 蜡蚧轮枝菌溶液能有效抑制 S. fusca 分生孢子的萌发，并有良好的盆栽防治效果。 关键词：非洲菊；白粉病；病原鉴定；蜡蚧轮枝菌；生防试验 中图分类号：S 682.1+ 1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0513-353X （2010 ）11-1803-08 Pathogen Identification of Gerbera Powdery Mildew and Its Control Experiment with Verticillium lecanii * LIU Fang ，GAO Yuan，ZHANG Jing-yi ，and LIU Hong-xia （College of Forestry，Beijing Forestry University ，Beijing 100083，China ） Abstract ：The pathogen of powdery mildew on gerbera is not clearly understood in China. Pathogenic testing ，morphological and DNA sequence analyses identified pathogen of powdery mildew in Shandong province as Sphaerotheca fusca. Biological characteristics testing of S. fusca conidiophores indicated the optimal germination temperature was 25 ℃，the propriety of pH for germination was 6.0 ，and high humidity was needed for conidiophores germination. The curative effect of Verticillium lecanii on gerbera infected with powdery mildew and prohibitive effect on conidiophores germination was determined. The -1 results showed that conidiophores concentration 2.6 –3.3 g · L of Verticillium lecanii could prohibit conidiophores germination and control gerbera powdery mildew disease effectively. Key words ：gerbera ；powdery mildew ；pathogen identification ；Verticillium lecanii；biological control 随着非洲菊（Gerbera jamesonii Bolus ）栽培面积逐年扩大，其病害问题也日益突出，其中白粉 病是主要病害之一（谢为龙，1998；易小平 等，2001 ）。感染白粉病的非洲菊叶片发生畸形，变色 并且较早脱落（Daughtrey et al. ，1995）