Checking ground electrode impedance for （检查地线阻抗的）.PDF

Checking ground electrode impedance for commercial, industrial and residential buildings Application Note Most facilities have grounded electrical systems, so that in the event of a lightning strike or utility overvoltage, current will find a safe path to earth. A ground electrode provides the contact between the electrical system and the earth. To ensure a reliable connec- tion to earth, electrical codes, engineering standards, and local standards often specify a minimum impedance for the ground electrode. The International Electrical Testing Association specifies ground electrode testing every three years for a system in good condition with average up-time requirements. This application note explains earth/ground principles and safety in more depth and then describes the principle testing methods: 3 and 4 pole Fall-of-Potential testing, selective testing, stakeless testing and 2 pole testing. Why Ground? systems connect the earth near the building with the electrical system and building steel. In a light- The US National Electrical Code (NEC) gives two ning strike, the facility will be at approximately the principle reasons for grounding a facility. same potential. By keeping the potential gradient • Stabilize the voltage to earth during normal low, damage is minimized. operation. If a medium voltage utility line (over 1000 V) • Limit the voltage rise created by lightning, comes in contact with a low voltage line, a line surges or unintentional contact with drastic overvoltage could occur for nea