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Covariance Covariance Matrix Pennsylvania (协方差协方差矩阵宾夕法尼亚州)
Covariance
• Variance and Covariance are a measure of the “spread” of a set
of points around their center of mass (mean)
• Variance – measure of the deviation from the mean for points in
Principal Components Analysis one dimension e.g. heights
• Covariance as a measure of how much each of the dimensions
vary from the mean with respect to each other.
some slides from
-Octavia Camps, PSU • Covariance is measured between 2 dimensions to see if there is
-/~rsg/BIIS_05lecture7.pp tby R.S.Gaborski Professor a relationship between the 2 dimensions e.g. number of hours
studied marks obtained.
-/courses/9.641/lectures/pca.ppt by Sebastian Seung.
• The covariance between one dimension and itself is the variance
Covariance Covariance Matrix
nn • Representing Covariance between dimensions as a
covariance (X,Y) = (X – X) (Y – Y)
i=1 i i
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