Control of Cell Volume and Membrane Potential课件.pptVIP

Control of Cell Volume and Membrane Potential Basic problem Basic solution The cell at steady state Typical ionic concentrations Active pumping Na+-K+ ATPase Na+-K+ ATPase Osmosis The Nernst equation Only very little ion transfer Electrical circuit model of cell membrane How to model Iionic Two common current models Electrodiffusion: deriving current models The short-channel limit The long-channel limit Volume control: The Pump-Leak Model Charge and osmotic balance Steady-state solution RVD and RVI RVD and RVI Lots of interesting unsolved problems How do organsims adjust to dramatic environmental changes (T. Californicus)? How do plants (especially in arid regions) prevent dehydration in high salt environments? (They make proline.) How do fish (salmon) deal with both fresh and salt water? What happens to a cell and its environment when there is ischemia? Ion transport Steady state equations Transport control IMCD cells Active modulation of the membrane potential: electrically excitable cells Hodgkin, Huxley, and the Giant Squid Axon The reality Resting potential Simplifications Steady-state vs instantaneous I-V curves Example: Na+ and K+ channels K+ channel gating Na+ channel gating Experimental data: K+ conductance Experimental data: Na+ conductance Hodgkin-Huxley equations An action potential The fast phase plane: I The fast phase plane: II The fast-slow phase plane Oscillations Where does it go from here? No ions are at equilibrium, so there are continual background currents. At steady-state, the net current is zero, not the individual currents. The pumps must work continually to maintain these concentration differences and the cell integrity. The resting membrane potential depends on the model used for the ionic currents. linear current model (long channel limit) GHK current model (short channel limit) 君潘交柔僳瘪这脂拨薄叛充腮税稽久巨悍扎漂架坍库涂荫歼专硼皂亚鞘裤Control of Cell Volume and Membrane Potential课件Control of Cell Volume and Membrane Potential课件 In some cells (electricall