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CHAPTER3 Pharmacokinetics(body acts on drug)课件
CHAPTER 3 Pharmacokinetics ( body acts on drug );(sites of action) binding free; The membranes with pore are composed of lipids and proteins in a ratio of 70:1. The liquid-form double-deck of membranes is formed from lipid molecules; The special proteins inserted into the double-deck are receptors, enzymes, ion channels, carriers……; A drug molecule moves from a side of membrane relatively high concentration to another side of low concentration without requiring energy, until an equilibrium has been achieved on both sides of the membrane.;Nonionized form Ionized form ; k1 [H+][A-] k1 [H+][B]
Ka=──=───── Ka=──= ────
k2 [HA] k2 [BH+]
[A] [B]
pKa=pH-log ─── pKa=pH-log ───
[HA] [BH+]
[A-] [B]
pH-pKa=log ─── pH-pKa=log ───
[HA] [BH+]
;;pharmacokinetics; ① Alkalization of gastric juice →ionization↑
→ permeation↓ →absorption ↓
② Alkalization of blood plasma → permeation↓→across blood-brain barrier↓ ; ③ Alkalization of humor (extra-cellular fluid)
→ionization↑ →permeation↓
④ Alkalization of urine→ionization↑ →permeation↓→ drug tubular reabsorption↓
→ excretion↑; The almost free drugs can be filtrated across biggish pores of capillaries from or to plasma.
(drug distribution, glomerular filtration and absorption following im or sc injection).; The passive movement of a drug across the membrane is facilitated by its special carrier. ;2. Active transport (up hill);For example: penicillin and probenecid; The transport of drugs from administration locale to bloodstream.;1. The routes of absorption;2) po (per oral); Nitrogl
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