英译汉 Lecture 4课件.ppt

Abstraction and Concretization Concretization is to substitute the abstract words, phrases, idioms or sentences in the source language with the concrete ones in the course of translating for the purpose of reducing information losses and ensuring the reproduction, in target language, of the similar effect of the source language text. 在翻译过程中将原文中抽象的单词、词组、成语或句子用具体的单词、词组、成语或句子来进行翻译，消除或降低语言差别给翻译带来的损失。 词组 press propaganda retirement very timid keep quiet great in momentum and irresistible By the skin of ones teeth指的是死里逃生，虎口脱险。这句话出自《圣经》中的《约伯记》。犹太人约伯在受到上帝的百般非难之后说道：“My bone cleaveth to my skin, and to my flesh, and I am escaped with the skin of my teeth”（直译：我的皮肉贴着骨头，我同牙齿的皮肤一起逃了出来）。“by the skin of ones teeth”用来表示涉险逃生的意思。 快上加快---快马加鞭 十分挂念,放不下心---牵肠挂肚回家心切---归心似箭没有彻底断绝关系----藕断丝连 Accelerate the speed; speed up be full of anxiety and worry Very anxious to return home have not cut off relations completely 6）我不敢肯定我能赢得这个荣誉，这还是未到手的东西。 I’m not sure whether I can win the honour; it’s a bird in the bush. 7）这个男孩真粗心，他的书本都已经折角了。 This boy is too careless; all his books are dog- eared. 8) 他在演讲中用了许多术语，使听众听了莫名其妙。 He used so many technical terms in his speech that the audience could make neither head nor tail of it. 9) 同反复无常的人没法相处。 It’s hard to get along with a man blowing hot and cold. Exercises 1.The crime sent him into notoriety. 2.Your dejection will do no good to your health. 3.All the irregularities of the students in that university resulted in punishment. 4.You should get rid of your foolhardiness. 5.John’s lightheartedness, however, did not last long. 1. 他罪行累累，臭名昭著。 2. 你的沮丧情绪对你的健康不利。 3. 那所大学里的所有越轨行为受到了处罚。 4. 你应该改掉你的蛮干作风。 5. 然而，约翰这种轻松愉快的心情没有持续很久。 Abstraction, just as the opposite way of concretization, is to add or use some abstract words, phrases or sentences in the target language to render the one in the source language so as to fulfill the demands of translation: faithfulness and smoothness. 为了译文的忠实与通顺，将原文中带有具体意义或具体形象的单词、词组、成语或句子进行抽象化处理。