it的用法、常用句型概要.ppt

* it可以作代词（如人称代词、非人称代词）和引导词，也可以用于强调句式中，还可以用于一些固定表达中。 一、it作代词 1. 用作人称代词，指代：①上文提到过的人、事、物或情况等；②婴儿、性别不明或没必要区分性别的人或动物。此外，it也可指代未知的人。如： In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than it was used to. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see who it is. It’s John on the phone. 2. 用作非人称代词，指时间、天气、距离或自 然现象等。如： It is only half an hour’s walk to the hospital. It’s about two kilometers from here to the station. It is raining heavily outside. 二、it作引导词 1. it作形式主语的常用句型 ★ “It + be +名词+主语从句”中从句谓语常用“（should +）动词原形”。常用于本句型的主要有a pity, a shame, no wonder, no accident等。如： It is a great pity that he should be so greedy. It is a shame that he should attempt to injure the reputation of an honest man. It was no accident that such a book should appear in the 18th century. ★ “It + be +形容词+主语从句”中从句谓语常用“（should +）动词原形（或完成时）”。常用于本句型的形容词主要有impossible, strange, surprising等。如： It is impossible that it should be a mere coincidence. It’s strange that she should have been arrested for stealing. It was surprising that he should have finished writing a novel in only twenty days. ★ “It +动词（+宾语或状语）+主语从句”。常用于本句型的动词主要有please, happen等。如： It pleased me very much that he succeeded. It pleases me that he should want to talk with me. It so happened that he had just left for Tianjin. ★ “It +动词的被动语态+主语从句”。常用于本句型的动词主要有accept, admit, allow, announce等。如： It’s accepted that the universe is endless. It is generally admitted that he is a trustworthy person. It was announced that all prisoners would be set free. It was announced that the Prime Minister would speak on television that evening. 2. it作形式宾语 ★根据句子结构的需要，人们常用it作形式宾语，而将真正的宾语放在宾语补足语后。常用于这种句型的动词有believe, bring, consider, declare, feel, find, make, prove, think等。如： I find it amazing that anyone would want to listen to that music. I don’t think it possible to master a foreign language within 3 months. I found it worthwhile reading this book. ★it作形式宾语的常用句型： 1）动词+ it + if / when从句 当enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, appreci