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it的用法、常用句型概要
* it可以作代词(如人称代词、非人称代词)和引导词,也可以用于强调句式中,还可以用于一些固定表达中。 一、it作代词 1. 用作人称代词,指代:①上文提到过的人、事、物或情况等;②婴儿、性别不明或没必要区分性别的人或动物。此外,it也可指代未知的人。如: In my opinion, life in the twenty-first century is much easier than it was used to. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see who it is. It’s John on the phone. 2. 用作非人称代词,指时间、天气、距离或自 然现象等。如: It is only half an hour’s walk to the hospital. It’s about two kilometers from here to the station. It is raining heavily outside. 二、it作引导词 1. it作形式主语的常用句型 ★ “It + be +名词+主语从句”中从句谓语常用“(should +)动词原形”。常用于本句型的主要有a pity, a shame, no wonder, no accident等。如: It is a great pity that he should be so greedy. It is a shame that he should attempt to injure the reputation of an honest man. It was no accident that such a book should appear in the 18th century. ★ “It + be +形容词+主语从句”中从句谓语常用“(should +)动词原形(或完成时)”。常用于本句型的形容词主要有impossible, strange, surprising等。如: It is impossible that it should be a mere coincidence. It’s strange that she should have been arrested for stealing. It was surprising that he should have finished writing a novel in only twenty days. ★ “It +动词(+宾语或状语)+主语从句”。常用于本句型的动词主要有please, happen等。如: It pleased me very much that he succeeded. It pleases me that he should want to talk with me. It so happened that he had just left for Tianjin. ★ “It +动词的被动语态+主语从句”。常用于本句型的动词主要有accept, admit, allow, announce等。如: It’s accepted that the universe is endless. It is generally admitted that he is a trustworthy person. It was announced that all prisoners would be set free. It was announced that the Prime Minister would speak on television that evening. 2. it作形式宾语 ★根据句子结构的需要,人们常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放在宾语补足语后。常用于这种句型的动词有believe, bring, consider, declare, feel, find, make, prove, think等。如: I find it amazing that anyone would want to listen to that music. I don’t think it possible to master a foreign language within 3 months. I found it worthwhile reading this book. ★it作形式宾语的常用句型: 1)动词+ it + if / when从句 当enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, appreci
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