材料成型工艺(双语)重点句子及翻译.doc

CH1 1. Material science is the investigation of the relationship among processing, structure, properties, and performance of materials. 材料科学是研究材料的结构和性能之间关系的学科。 2. The discipline of materials science involves investigating the relationships that exist between the structures and properties of materials. 材料科学是研究材料的结构和性能之间的关系的学科。 3.In contrast, materials engineering is, on the basis of these structure-property correlations, designing or engineering the structure of a material to produce a predetermined set of properties. 而材料加工是在（充分理解）材料组织和性能关系的基础上，对材料的组织进行设计，以获得一系列预定的性能。 4.The structure of a material usually relates to the arrangement of its internal components. 材料的组织通常和内部成分的排列有关。 5. Property is a material trait in terms of the kind and magnitude of response to a specific imposed stimulus. 性能是指材料的一种特性，这种特性就对某一特定的强加的刺激所作出发硬的大小和种类而言的 CH3 1. Welding is essential for the manufacture of a range of engineering components, which may vary from very large structures such as ships and bridges to miniature components for microelectronic applications. 焊接在很多工程零部件的生产中都是必需的，大到船舶、桥梁，小到微电子应用的微小零件。 2.A union between two pieces of metal rendered plastic or liquid by heat or pressure or both. A filler metal with a melting temperature of the same order of that of the parent metal may or may not be use. 一种将两块金属通过加热或加压或两者并用的方式达到塑性状态或液态的连接方式。用或不用与母材有着同样熔点的填充金属。 3. A localized coalescence of metals or nonmetals produced either by heating the metal to the welding temperature, with or without the application of pressure, or by the application of pressure alone, with or without the use of a filler metal. 金属或非金属通过加热或加压或二者兼用，并且用或不用填充材料，使金属加热达到熔点而实现局部结合。 4.In fusion welding, a heat source melts the metal to form a bridge between the components. 在熔化焊中热源熔化金属使其形成工件间的连接。 5. The molten metal must be protected from the atmosphere —absorption of oxygen and nitrogen leads to a poor quality weld. 熔化金属必须与空气隔绝，氧气与氮的吸收会使焊接质量变差。 6. The process uses an arc as the heat source and shielding is provided by gases ge