英语精英分析.doc

/menu/201209/198057.shtml 2012 1. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that weaken the courts reputation for being independent and impartial. 【分析】复合句。主句主干为 justices acted。in several instances 和 in ways作状语， that 引导定语从句修饰 ways。 【译文】然而，在一些情况下，法官的行为方式削弱了法院保持中立且公正的名声。 【临摹】不同于硅谷的那些企业，印度这些公司在思路上可能更有创意。 2. That kind of activity makes it less likely that the courts decisions will be accepted as impartial judgements. 【分析】复合句，主句为 That kind of activity makes it less likely, it 是形式宾语，真正的宾语是 that 引导的名词性从句。 【译文】这类行为使得法院的裁定被认为是公正判决的可能性有所下降。 【词法拓展】it 作形式宾语放在动词与宾语补足语之间，指代不定式、动名词、从句等，此时，it 无实际意义。这种情况只能用于能以名词或形容词作宾语补足语的动词后面，如feel, consider, find, believe, make, take, imagine, suppose, think, deem, regard, count 等。 3. At the very least, the court should make itself subject to the code of conduct that applies to the rest of the federal judiciary. 【分析】复合句。At the very least在句首作状语，that 引导定语从句修饰 the code of conduct。 【译文】至少，法院应当服从适用于联邦司法系统其余部门的行为准则。 4. They gave justices permanent positions so they would be free to upset those in power and have no need to cultivate political support. 【分析】复合句。主句为 They gave justices permanent positions, so 引导目的状语从句，从句主干为 they would be free...and have no need...。 【译文】他们给予法官们终身任期，以便法官们能自由地推翻当权者，且无需拉拢政治支持。 5. Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social concepts like liberty and property. 【分析】复合句。主句为 Constitutional law is political。because 引导原因状语从句；其中分词短语 rooted in... 作定语修饰 choices, 介词短语 like liberty and property 修饰 concepts。 【译文】宪法是由植根于自由和所有权等基本社会观念的选择造成的，因此它是政治性的。 【临摹】意识形态总是植根于不断变化的权力结构与权力斗争中。 6.When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it shapes is inescapably political—which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily dismissed as unjust. 【分析】多重复合句。主句为 the law...is inescapably political。when 引导时间状语从句；it shapes 为省略引导词的定语从句，修饰 the law, it 指代 the court; which 引导非限定性定语从句，修饰主句，其中包含 why 引导的表语从句。 【译文】当法院处理社会决策时，它适用的法律不可避免地具有政治性——这也就是为什么不同意识形态的决策容易被认为是不公正的而不予考虑