linux getopts 学习笔记（Linux getopts 学习笔记）.docVIP

linux getopts 学习笔记（Linux getopts 学习笔记） Get the option for the UNIX type: One advantage of UNIX is that the standard UNIX command has the same command line format when executing: Command -options parameters If the Shell program uses the format above, Bourne Shell provides a statement that gets and processes command line options, that is, the getopts statement. This statement is formatted as: Getopts option_string variable Among them, option_string contains a valid single character option. If the getopts command finds a hyphen in the command line, it compares the characters behind the hyphen to the option_string. If there is a match, the value of the variable variable is set to that option. If no match is made, variable is set as?. When getopts finds no characters followed by a hyphen, a nonzero state value is returned. In the Shell program, a loop can be created using the return value of the getopts. Sometimes a value is added to the option, and the getopts command supports this functionality as well. At this point, you need to add a colon after the letter in the option_string. When the getopts command finds the colon, the value is read from the command line after the option. If the value exists, it will be present in a special variable called OPTARG. If the value does not exist, the getopts command stores a question mark in the OPTARG and displays a message on the standard error output. The optstring option string matches one by one Varname options for successful matching each time The Arg parameter list, which is not written, takes a list of command line arguments $OPTIND special variables, option, index, will be incremented one by one, with an initial value of 1 $OPTARG special variables, option, argument, have different values in different situations Rule 1: when optstring begins with :, getopts will distinguish between invalid option error and Miss option argument error. When invalid option, Varname will be set as $OPTARG is a problem option; When Miss option ar