第一周派生词.doc

第一周　派生词 在新课标全国卷的语法填空题中，有涉及单词的形式变化的题目。此外，新考纲要求考生掌握3 000多个英语单词。因此，掌握常用派生词的构词方法不仅能帮助同学们做好语法填空题，还能帮助同学们扩大词汇量，为同学们在高考中稳操胜券奠定基础。 一、名词后缀 1．动词 ＋ -ion/-tion /-sion→名词(表示动作或动作过程) correct v．改正；纠正　　correction n．改正 celebrate v．庆祝 celebration n．庆祝；庆祝会 conclude v．完成；结束 conclusion n．结论；结束 2．动词 ＋-er/-or→名词(表示从事某种职业或进行某种活动的人) drive v．驾驶开车；驱赶　　　driver n．司机；驾驶员 gather v．聚集；采集 gatherer n．收集者；采集者 conduct v．指挥；管理 conductor n．指挥；售票员 3．动词＋-ment→名词 punish v．惩罚 punishment n．惩罚 4．动词/形容词＋-th→名词 warm adj.温暖的 warmth n．温暖 grow v．生长 growth n．生长 5．形容词＋-y→名词 difficult adj.困难的 difficulty n．困难 honest adj.诚实的 honesty n．诚实 6．形容词＋-ness→名词 kind adj.善良的 kindness n．善良 7．动词 ＋-ance→名词 annoy vt.使烦恼 annoyance n．生气；烦恼 8．-ship结尾的名词(表示身份；关系；资格) member n．成员；会员 membership n．会员资格 professor n．教授 professorship n．教授身份 9．-ing结尾的名词 garden n．花园 gardening n．园艺 greet v．打招呼；问候 greetings n．问候 [针对训练] 语篇填空(用所给单词的适当形式完成下列短文) A From the 1.expression (express) on Marys face, he knew he left a bad 2.impression (impress) on her and if she won the 3.election (elect) to become chairman of the Environment 4.Organization (organize), he could not get her 5.permission(permit) to join it although he was willing to do his bit to rid the world of 6.pollution (pollute) and to help people enjoy a better earth.When he was wondering how to change this embarrassing situation, he got 7.inspiration (inspire) from his wife?s words.Yes, he should try his best to win the election and become chairman himself with his 8.determination (determine) to work for the organization.“My dear, you are really a wonderful 9.helper (help)！I’m sure I will be the 10.winner (win) of the election.” He said to his wife excitedly. B It was really a hard time when Li Ping first came to the United States.His 1.earnings (earn) could hardly cover the expenses, so when his wife gave 2.birth (bear) to their second daughter, they could not afford enough nutrition food.Soon, poor nutrition caused the 3.death (die) of the poor baby.4.Loneliness (lonely