高一定语从句教案以及习题(附答案).docxVIP

语法复习一：定语从句（一）定义1)在复合句中（一个句子的某一成分由句子承当），修饰某一名词或代词从句叫定语从句或形容词从句；在句中起定语的作用.2)被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词antecedent1) The manwho lives next to us is a policeman.先行词关系代词定语从句2) You must do everything that I do.先行词关系代词定语从句(二)：关系代词的作用; 1.连接主句和从句。2.代表被修饰的先行词。3.在定语从句做一个句子成分。eg. This is the roomwhich I lived in last year.先行词关系代词定语从句(三)：定语从句中有关系代词 who, whom, whose, which, that, as.关系副词 when, where, why 等引导定语从句。（四）：用关系代词还是用关系副词关系代词起代词的作用，关系副词起副词的作用，因此同样的先行词，选用什么样的关系词，要由它在定语从句中担任的逻辑作用来决定。关系代词词行先行词充当成分who人主、宾、表Whom人宾That人物主、宾、表Which物主、宾、表As物主、宾Whose=of whom\of which人物定语关系副词When=at\in\on\during which时间状Where=at\in\to which地点状Why=for which原因状that 在口语中可以代替关系副词以上三者状?表语：是谓语的一部分，它位于系动词如be之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。一般由名词，代词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词短语等充当。在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。This is the place wherewe work.（vi.） (关系词所做的成分关键是有从句中的动词来决定的)This is the place which we visited. (vt. )做主语The trees which are on the school campus have lost their leaves.做宾语The student whom we saw just now is the best runner in our school.做表语Jack is no longer the lazy boy that he used to be.做定语She has a brother whose name I can’t remember.做状语The school where he studied is in Shenzhen.在定语从句中，that和which用来指代物。eg：This is the story that /which we wrote for our storytelling contest.在定语从句中，who 用来指代人。eg：I am going to see a friend who has just come back from the UK.当who在定语从句中做宾语时，可以用whom来取代，且whom比who更正式。eg：I don’t know the name of the teacher who/whom I saw in the computer room theother day.当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，who，whom，which和that可以被省略。eg：He likes all the birthday presents(that/which)his friends gave him.Whose用来表示所属，它既可指人也可指物。eg：I sat next to a girl whose name was Diane.The club whose members are music fans meet in the school garden every Saturdayafternoon.：限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别1．二者差异比较限制定语从句紧跟先行词，同先行词之间一般不加逗号，仅修饰先行词，可以由关系代词．关系副词或that来引导。非限制性定语从句仅作补充或说明，用逗号与主句隔开，既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句，不可用that引导。??限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句从句与先行词的关系从句是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整或不明确。从句只是对先行词的附加说明，如果省去,主句的意思仍然清楚或完整标? 点从句和主句之间不用逗号分开从句和主句之间通常用逗号分开关系代词指人who (that) whom指物which (that)人和物whose关系代词在