Lesson-05分析.ppt

ZHANG Nian-Wen 1.3 Structural Dynamics The essential physical properties of a linearly elastic system subjected to external dynamic loading are its mass, stiffness properties, and energy absorption capability or damping. The solution to the above equation consists of two parts, the general solution and the particular solution. 1.3 Structural Dynamics The motion will reach a steady state and the system will vibrate at a constant amplitude and frequency. An independent differential equation of motion can be written for each degree of freedom. 1.3 Structural Dynamics [c] is a symmetric n×n matrix of damping coefficient, and F is the force vector which is zero in the case of free vibration. Angular frequency and phase angle are common to all x’ s 1.3 Structural Dynamics C1,C2,…,Cn are the constants to be determined from the initial boundary condition and ω is a characteristic value (eigenvalue ) of the system. For nontrivial solutions, solution to Equation (1.3.7) requires the determinant of matrix =0. 1.3 Structural Dynamics The expansion of the determinant yields a polynomial of n degree as a function of ω2. Note that the sign convention used implies that a counter-clockwise moment on the end of a member is positive. (p14) 2 Structural Material Concrete is a mixture of aggregate, and often controlled amounts of entrained air, held together by a hardened paste made from cement and water. Portland cement is a carefully proportioned and specially processed chemical combination of lime, silica, iron oxide, and alumina. 2 Structural Material Unless test or experience indicates that a particular water source is satisfactory, water should be free from acids, alkalis, oils, and organic impurities. Inert filler material ( usually sand and stone or gravel) make up between 60 and 80 percent of the volume of normal concrete. 2 Structural Material Admixtures are added to the concrete to accelerate or retard the initial set, improve workability, reduce water requirements, increas