1986-2006年昭通市麻疹流行特征分析.pdfVIP

2008年1月30日第23卷第 1期Disease Surveillance an．30．2008，Vo1．23，No．1 · 论 1 986—2006年昭通市麻疹流行特征分析 张永瑞， 曾义虎， 孙碧江，谢汝云， 马昌会 摘要：目的 探讨昭通市麻疹流行特征及发病原因。方法 采用描述流行病学分析方法，对1986— 2006年昭通市麻疹资料进行分析。结果 1986—2006年昭通市麻疹病人27 575例，年平均发病率为 28．26／10万，发病率波动在5．40／10万～72．20／10万之间。有明显的季节性，高峰在3-6月。以低年龄 组儿童发病为主，0～14岁占总病例数94．56％，7岁以下占发病总数68．44％。局部低接种率及免疫空 白是麻疹暴发的主要原因。结论 控制或消除麻疹的主要策略是提高常规麻疹减毒活疫苗免疫接 种率，加强对麻疹流行病学和血清学监测，根据监测结果适时开展麻疹强化免疫，控制麻疹暴发。 关键词：麻疹；流行病学特征；控制策略 中图分类号：R511．1 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003—9961(2008)01-0021-03 Study on the epidemiological characteristics of measles and the strategies for its control in Zhaotong city of Yunnan province from 1986 to 2006 zHANG Yong—rui，zENG Yi_hu，SUN Bi-jang，XIE Ru—yun．et a1．Zhaotong Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Yunnan Province， Zhaotong 657000，China Corresponding author：ZHANG Yong—rui．Email：ztscdc@163．com Abstract： Objective The study was conducted to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and causes of measles in Zhaotong for providing a scientific basis for the prevention and control of the epidemic．Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was made on the data of measles reported in Zhaotong from 1986 to 2006．Results A total of 27 575 cases of measles were reported during the period and the incidence of the disease ranged from 5．40／1akh to 72．20／1akh with an average annual incidence of 28．26／1akh．There was an obvious seasonal change in the incidence with the peak occurring from March to June．Children aged 0 to 14 years accounted for 94．56％ of the total cases and those under 7 years old for 68．44％ Of aU the cases．I