biological control potential of colletotrichum gloeosporioides for coffee senna (cassia occidentalis)生物防治的潜力刺盘孢属、喝咖啡塞纳(草决明).pdfVIP

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biological control potential of colletotrichum gloeosporioides for coffee senna (cassia occidentalis)生物防治的潜力刺盘孢属、喝咖啡塞纳(草决明).pdf

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biological control potential of colletotrichum gloeosporioides for coffee senna (cassia occidentalis)生物防治的潜力刺盘孢属、喝咖啡塞纳(草决明)

American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2012, 3, 430-436 /10.4236/ajps.2012.34052 Published Online April 2012 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/ajps) Biological Control Potential of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides for Coffee Senna (Cassia occidentalis) 1 2 1 1 Clyde D. Boyette , Robert E. Hoagland , Mark A. Weaver , Kenneth Stetina 1United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service (USDA-ARS), Biological Control of Pests Research Unit, Stoneville, USA; 2USDA-ARS, Crop Production Systems Research Unit, Stoneville, USA. Email: doug.boyette@ Received September 30th, 2011; revised October 14th, 2011; accepted December 5th, 2011 ABSTRACT A fungal pathogen, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides was isolated from a greenhouse-grown seedling of coffee senna (Cassia occidentalis) and evaluated as a mycoherbicide for that weed. Host range tests revealed that coffee senna, wild senna (C. marilandica), and sicklepod (C. obtusifolia) were also affected by this pathogen, but 35 other crop and weed species, representing 8 botanical families were not affected. The fungus sporulated prolifically on solid and liquid me- dia with maximum spore germination and growth occurring at 20˚C - 30˚C. Optimal environmental conditions included 5 at least 12 h of free moisture (dew) at 20˚C - 30˚C. Spray mixtures containing approximately 1.0 × 10 or more co- nidia·ml–1 gave maximum control when coffee senna seedlings were sprayed until runoff occurred. Coffee senna seed- lings that were in the cotyledon to first-leaf growth stage were most susceptible to this pathogen. Weed control efficacy studies under field conditions demonstrated that control of coffee senna was directly proportional to the inoculum con- centration