conditional value-at-risk for random immediate reward variables in markov decision processes条件风险价值马尔可夫决策过程的随机变量直接奖励.pdfVIP

conditional value-at-risk for random immediate reward variables in markov decision processes条件风险价值马尔可夫决策过程的随机变量直接奖励.pdf

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conditional value-at-risk for random immediate reward variables in markov decision processes条件风险价值马尔可夫决策过程的随机变量直接奖励

American Journal of Computational Mathematics, 2011, 1, 183-188 doi:10.4236/ajcm.2011.13021 Published Online September 2011 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/ajcm) Conditional Value-at-Risk for Random Immediate Reward Variables in Markov Decision Processes Masayuki Kageyama, Takayuki Fujii, Koji Kanefuji, Hiroe Tsubaki The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Tokyo, Japan E-mail : kageyama@ism.ac.jp Received May 17, 2011; revised August 10, 2011; accepted August 22, 2011 Abstract We consider risk minimization problems for Markov decision processes. From a standpoint of making the risk of random reward variable at each time as small as possible, a risk measure is introduced using condi- tional value-at-risk for random immediate reward variables in Markov decision processes, under whose risk measure criteria the risk-optimal policies are characterized by the optimality equations for the discounted or average case. As an application, the inventory models are considered. Keywords: Markov Decision Processes, Conditional Value-at-Risk, Risk Optimal Policy, Inventory Model 1. Introduction ered. In the reminder of this section, we shall establish notations that will be used throughout the paper and de- As a measure of risk for income or loss random variables, fine the problem with a new risk measure. the variance has been commonly considered since Mark- A Borel set is a Borel subset of a complete separable owitz work [1]. The variance has the shortcoming that it metric space. For a Borel set X , BX denotes the  does not approximately account for the phenomenon of

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