情态动词用法区别.docVIP

情态动词的用法区别 1. can/ could/be able to can在表达能力时，只有现在式和过去式could，be able to有各种时态的变化。当表示经过努力而成功的干成某事时，只能用be able to，不能用can/ could。例句： Study hard and you will be able to go to a key university in three years. At that time the little girl couldn’t swim. 2. may/ might 表示允许、请求时，might比may语气更委婉，更有礼貌。表示推测时，用于陈述句和否定句中，may表示的可能性比might要大。例句： — May I watch TV after finishing my homework ? — Yes, you may. (No, you mustn’t.) The story he has told might (may) not be true. 3. will/ would 表示请求、建议时，多用于第二人称，would比will语气更委婉。两者都可以表示意志、愿望和决心，也可以表示习惯性动作。例句： Would (Will) you please help me with my math? If you will come to the party, we will be very happy. ◆ would和used to的区别：used to 表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作或状态，现在已经结束。would则不涉及到现在情况。例句： Every evening, she would sit by the window, deep in thought. 4. shall/ should 在疑问句中，shall用于一、三人称，表示说话人征求对方意见或指示。在陈述句中，shall用于二、三人称，表示说话人告诫、允诺、命令等，但shall表示的意志。should 表示劝告、建议，也可以表示推测。在疑问句中通常用should来代替ought to。例句： What shall I do to help you? The task shall be finished by Sunday. 5. must/ can’t must表示可能性很大的推测时，只用于肯定句中。在作可能性很大的否定推测时，要用can’t。can表示推测，一般用于疑问句和否定句中。mustn’t表示“禁止，不许”。 练习： 1. When the earthquake happened, only half of the people in ____ escape from their houses. A. could B. were able to C. can D. could have 2. —Must we hand in the exercises after class? —No, you ____. A. mustn’t B. don’t have to C. can’t D. won’t 3. He ____ the answers to the papers, or he can’t get full mark. A. must know B. should have known C. must have known D. may know 4. --- We want someone to design the new art museum for us? --- ____ the young man have a try? A. Shall B. Shan’t C. Needn’t D. Need 5. I will let you see the patient in an hour if you ____ wait here. A. shall B. will C. can D. are going to 6. Mr. Smith is on time for everything. How____ it be that she was late for the party? A. should B. can C. may D. might 7. Whoever can answer one of my questions