analysis and enhancement of random number generator in fpga based on oscillator rings分析和改进的随机数字生成器fpga根据振荡器戒指.pdfVIP

Hindawi Publishing Corporation International Journal of Reconfigurable Computing Volume 2009, Article ID 501672, 8 pages doi:10.1155/2009/501672 Research Article Analysis and Enhancement of Random Number Generator in FPGA Based on Oscillator Rings Knut Wold and Chik How Tan NISlab, Department of Computer Science and Media Technology, Gjøvik University College, 2802 Gjøvik, Norway Correspondence should be addressed to Knut Wold, knutw@hig.no Received 26 February 2009; Accepted 19 June 2009 Recommended by Lionel Torres A true random number generator (TRNG) is an important component in cryptographic systems. Designing a fast and secure TRNG in an FPGA is a challenging task. In this paper, we analyze the TRNG designed by Sunar et al. (2007) based on XOR of the outputs of several oscillator rings. We propose an enhanced TRNG with better randomness characteristics that does not require postprocessing and passes the statistical tests. We have shown by experiment that the frequencies of the equal length oscillator rings in the TRNG are not identical. The difference is due to the placement of the inverters in the FPGA and the resulting routing between the inverters. We have implemented our proposed TRNG in an Altera Cyclone II FPGA. Our implementation has passed the NIST and DIEHARD statistical tests with a throughput of 100 Mbps and with a usage of less than 100 logic elements in the FPGA. The restart experiments have shown that the output from our TRNG behaves truly random and not pseudorandom. Copyright © 2009 K. Wold and C. H. Tan. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 1. Introduction