assessment of bacterial antibiotic resistance transfer in the gut肠道细菌的抗生素耐药性转移的评估.pdfVIP

Hindawi Publishing Corporation International Journal of Microbiology Volume 2011, Article ID 312956, 10 pages doi:10.1155/2011/312956 Review Article Assessment of Bacterial Antibiotic Resistance Transfer in the Gut Susanne Schjørring and Karen A. Krogfelt Department of Microbiological Surveillance and Research, Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark Correspondence should be addressed to Susanne Schjørring, ssc@ssi.dk Received 16 June 2010; Revised 21 November 2010; Accepted 9 December 2010 Academic Editor: Jorge H. Leitao Copyright © 2011 S. Schjørring and K. A. Krogfelt. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. We assessed horizontal gene transfer between bacteria in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. During the last decades, the emergence of antibiotic resistant strains and treatment failures of bacterial infections have increased the public awareness of antibiotic usage. The use of broad spectrum antibiotics creates a selective pressure on the bacterial flora, thus increasing the emergence of multiresistant bacteria, which results in a vicious circle of treatments and emergence of new antibiotic resistant bacteria. The human gastrointestinal tract is a massive reservoir of bacteria with a potential for both receiving and transferring antibiotic resistance genes. The increased use of fermented food products and probiotics, as food supplements and health promoting products containing massive amounts of bacteria acting as either donors and/or recipients of antibiotic resistance genes in the human GI tract, also contri