silica aerogel synthesis and applications二氧化硅气凝胶的合成和应用程序.pdfVIP

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Nanomaterials Volume 2010, Article ID 409310, 11 pages doi:10.1155/2010/409310 Review Article Silica Aerogel: Synthesis and Applications Jyoti L. Gurav,1 In-Keun Jung,1 Hyung-Ho Park,1 Eul Son Kang,2 and Digambar Y. Nadargi3 1 Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Yonsei University, 120-749 Seoul, Republic of Korea 2 Agency for Defense Development, Daejeon 305-600, Republic of Korea 3 Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Building Technologies, 8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland Correspondence should be addressed to Hyung-Ho Park, hhpark@yonsei.ac.kr Received 26 January 2010; Revised 12 May 2010; Accepted 30 June 2010 Academic Editor: Ping Xiao Copyright © 2010 Jyoti L. Gurav et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Silica aerogels have drawn a lot of interest both in science and technology because of their low bulk density (up to 95% of their volume is air), hydrophobicity, low thermal conductivity, high surface area, and optical transparency. Aerogels are synthesized from molecular precursors by sol-gel processing. Special drying techniques must be applied to replace the pore liquid with air while maintaining the solid network. Supercritical drying is most common; however, recently developed methods allow removal of the liquid at atmospheric pressure after chemical modification of the inner surface of the gels, leaving only a porous silica network filled with air. Therefore, by considering the surprising properties of aerogels, the present review addresses synthesis of silica