江苏省怀仁中学高一英语-MU1-定语从句之关系代词（教师版）-.docVIP

江苏省怀仁中学高一英语 MU1 定语从句之关系代词（教师版） 一、什么是定语 定语是对名词或者代词进行修饰或者限定的成分,定语一般可以翻译成“….的” 二、定语可以由什么充当。 the green team __形容词____________ a girl in red ___介词短语____________ a book written by LuXun ___过去分词__________ the girl sitting next to me ____现在分词__________ the work to be done ____不定式______________ a lady who sat next to a black man _____定语从句_________________ 三、定语从句的三大要素 1. 定语从句：在复合句中对名词或代词进行修饰限定的从句 2. 先行词：被定语从句修饰限定的名词或代词 3. 关系词（关系代词、关系副词）：引导定语从句的代词或者副词。 关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 关系副词有 when, where, why 四、判断下列复合句中的从句是否为定语从句。 1. The man that helped you is Mr. White. 是 2. Our teachers and parents hoped that we can enter a good university after graduating from Huairen high school three years later. 否 3. This is the school bag which my mother bought me yesterday. 是 4. The one who cleans the blackboard should be praised. 是 5. China is no longer what it used to be. 否 6. I don’t know the boy whom you gave the book to just now 是 五、关系词的三大功能 1. 引导定语从句 2. 在从句中替代先行词（从句中不能再出现先行词或代替先行词的代词） 3. 在定语从句中充当一定的成分 功能2(替代功能)讲解： 判断下列两组定语从句的正误 ① The student whom we saw just now is the best runner in our school. √ ② The student whom we saw him just now is the best runner in our school. × ③ The trees which are behind the office building have lost their leaves. √ ④ The trees which they are behind the office building have lost their leaves. × 功能3（成分功能）讲解见课本P8 六、关系代词的用法 1. 在定语从句中，当先行词为物时，关系代词可以用that 或which, 在从句中可以做主语或宾语，其中做宾语时可以被省略。 The earthquake which/that happened in 1906 was the biggest in American history. The train which/that has just left is for Shanghai. He likes the birthday presents （that/which）his friends gave him. I’ll tell you the things （that/which）I have heard 练练吧： ① The paintings （that/which）David donated to the school are being shown in the exhibition room. ② This is the book (that/which) I bought yesterday. ③ This is the factory that/ which produces famous bikes. ④ We all hope to enter a university which/ that is beautiful and famous. 2. 在定语从句中，当先行词为人时， 关系代词可以用that