甲状腺突眼（Thyroid ophthalmopathy）.docVIP

甲状腺突眼（Thyroid ophthalmopathy） 突眼眼甲状腺肿：本病又称斗的坟墓氏病或甲状腺毒性突眼症。眼球突出是由于甲状腺功能亢进，新陈代谢过度旺盛所致的一种病理状态。眼球突出一般双侧性。其特点为：睑裂明显增大（Dalrymple氏征），眼球直向前看呈凝视状态；眼睑肿胀肥厚，上睑翻转困难（吉福氏征）；当病人向下，视时，上睑不随眼球下垂，角膜上缘和上部巩膜暴露（格雷费氏征）；瞬目次数减少（stellwag氏征）；辐辏功能减弱（Mobius氏征等突出之眼球用手按压后可复原位）。 突眼性甲状腺肿又称甲状腺毒性突眼症。眼球突出是由于甲状腺功能亢进，新陈代谢过度旺盛所致的一种病理状态。眼球突出一般双侧性。其特点为：睑裂明显增大，眼球直向前看呈凝视状态；眼睑肿胀肥厚，上睑翻转困难；当病人向下，视时，上睑不随眼球下垂，角膜上缘和上部巩膜暴露；瞬目次数减少；辐辏功能减弱等。突出之眼球用手按压后可复原位。 主要症状：眼突的急性阶段表现为眼外肌及眼球后组织的炎症性反应。眼外肌可显著变粗，较正常增加3至8倍，球后脂肪和结缔组织，浸润，体积增大可达四倍之多。慢性阶段性的改变以增生为主。泪腺中也有类似的病理改变。自觉症状有眼内异物感，灼痛，畏光及流泪等，当眼球肌部分麻痹时，眼球转动受限制， And the occurrence of diplopia. Due to the apparent proptosis, eyelid closure difficulty to cornea and combined with membrane irritation and occurred keratitis, corneal ulcer, conjunctival hyperemia, edema, affect vision, severe ulcer caused by eyeball that eye blindness. The causes of hyperthyroidism exophthalmos 1, the causes of exophthalmos alone: (1) sympathetic. (2) the effects of thyroid hormone leads to extraocular muscle hyperplasia. Thickening and put on the hypermyotonia. 2 reasons of exophthalmos: (1) sympathetic. (2) the effects of thyroid hormone leads to extraocular muscle hyperplasia. And put on the thick hypermyotonia. (3) orbital soft tissue swelling, hyperplasia and ocular lesions of the ocular prominent activity limitation. The treatment generally includes antithyroid drug therapy, adjuvant therapy and treatment to strengthen the life nutrition. The thiourea compounds mainly anti thyroid drugs, this method is the main method of medical treatment the adjuvant therapy is mainly used propranolol, rescinnamine equal treatment. Life treatment is proper rest, diet given adequate nutrition and calories, including sugar, protein, fat and vitamin B, and to avoid Mental stimulation and excessive fatigue Nursing. (1) pay attention to the rest of the eyes, avoid reading in the light condition and use the eyes for a long time. (2) pay attention to the protection of the cornea of the eye and conjunctiva, can wear black or b