酸碱盐化学方程式,没有整理,但是很全.docxVIP

九年级化学酸·碱·盐方程式大全一.部分活泼金属和酸的反应：生成盐和氢气??Mg?+2?HCl?====??MgCl2?+??H2↑?，?Mg?+?H2SO4??====??MgSO4??+?H2↑??2Al?+?6?HCl?====?2?AlCl3?+?3H2↑?，2Al?+??3H2SO4??====?Al2(SO4)3?+?3H2↑??Zn?+?2HCl?====??ZnCl2??+??H2?↑????Zn?+??H2SO4?====???ZnSO4??+??H2↑??Fe?+?2HCl?====??FeCl2?+??H2?↑?????????Fe??+??H2SO4?====??FeSO4?+??H2↑??部分金属氧化物和酸反应：生成盐和水Fe2O3?+?6?HCl?===2?FeCl3?+?3H2O?，Fe2O3?+?3H2SO4====Fe2(SO4)3?+?3H2O??MgO?+?2HCl====?MgCl2?+H2O?，MgO?+?H2SO4====MgSO4+??H2O??Al2O3?+?6HCl====?2AlCl3+?3H2O?，Al2O3?+?3?H2SO4====??Al2(SO4)3+?3H2O?CuO+?2?HCl?====?CuCl2+?H2O?，CuO+??H2SO4====??CuSO4?+??H2O????三.部分碱（可溶性的碱）和一部分非金属氧化物反应：生成盐和水CO2+??2KOH?====??K2CO3?+?H2O????，CO2+?2?NaOH??====??Na2CO3?+?H2O?CO2+??Ba(OH)2?====?BaCO3↓?+?H2O，?CO2+?Ca(OH)2??====??CaCO3↓??+?H2O?SO2+?2?NaOH?====?Na2?SO3（亚硫酸钠）?+?H2OSO3+?2?NaOH?====?Na2?SO4?+?H2O?补充:酸雨的形成??SO2+?H2O??====?H2SO3（亚硫酸）?????2H2SO3+?O2?====?2H2SO4???总的方程式：?2SO2+?2H2O+?O2?====2?H2SO4??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????酸·碱·盐·之间的反应（都是复分解反应）?酸碱盐之间的反应可简单分为以下几种：?一·酸和碱?、?二·酸和盐、三·碱和盐?、四·盐和盐?????????????????????????????????一·酸和碱??酸和碱之间的反应又叫中和反应，生成盐和水HCl+KOH?=KCl+H2O?,H2SO4+2KOH?=?K2SO4+2H2O,?HNO3+KOH?=KNO3?+?H2OHCl+NaOH=NaCl+H2O, H2SO4+2NaOH=Na2SO4+2H2O,HNO3+NaOH=NaNO3+H2O?2HCl?+?Ba(OH)2====BaCl2+2?H2O?，2HNO3+?Ba(OH)2====Ba(NO3?)2+2?H2O??2HCl+?Ca(OH)2?====CaCl2?+?2H2O,?2HNO3+?Ca(OH)2?====Ca(NO3?)2+2?H2O???????（以上10个反应，由于反应时没有明显现象，故需滴加酸碱指示剂，才能判断反应是否发生。最好是滴加紫色石蕊试剂，可以判断是否完全反应，如显红色则酸过量，显蓝色则碱过量）?2HCl?+?Mg(OH)2====??MgCl2+2?H2O??,H2SO4?+?Mg(OH)2====?MgSO4?+2?H2O3HCl?+?Al?(OH)3?===AlCl3?+3?H2O?,3H2SO4?+?2Al?(OH)3?===Al2(SO4)3+6?H2O2HCl?+?Mn(OH)2====?MnCl2+2?H2O?,H2SO4?+Mn(OH)2====MnSO4+2?H2O2HCl?+Zn(OH)2====ZnCl2+2?H2O??,H2SO4?+Zn(OH)2====ZnSO4?+2?H2O2HCl?+Fe(OH)2====?FeCl2?+2?H2O?,H2SO4?+Fe(OH)2====?FeSO4+2?H2O3HCl?+?Fe(OH)3====FeCl3?+3?H2O?,3H2SO4?+2Fe(OH)3====Fe2(SO4)3+6?H2O?2HCl?+Cu(OH)2====CuCl2?+2?H2O?,H2SO4?+Cu(OH)2====CuSO4+2?H2O2HNO3+Mg(OH)2==Mg(NO3?)2?+2?H2O?,?3HNO3+Al?(OH)3?===Al(NO3?)3+3H2O?2HNO3+Mn(OH)2=Mn(NO3