drought-adaptation potential in fagus sylvatica linking moisture availability with genetic diversity and dendrochronologydrought-adaptation潜力fagus sylvatica链接水分可用性与遗传多样性和树木年代学.pdfVIP

Drought-Adaptation Potential in Fagus sylvatica: Linking Moisture Availability with Genetic Diversity and Dendrochronology 1 2 Andrea R. Pluess *, Pascale Weber 1 Ecosystem Management, Department of Environmental Systems Science, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich (ETH Zurich), Zurich, Switzerland, 2 Soil Functions and Soil Protection, Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Birmensdorf, Switzerland Abstract Background: Microevolution is essential for species persistence especially under anticipated climate change scenarios. Species distribution projection models suggested that the dominant tree species of lowland forests in Switzerland, European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.), might disappear from most areas due to expected longer dry periods. However, if genotypes at the moisture boundary of the species climatic envelope are adapted to lower moisture availability, they can serve as seed source for the continuation of beech forests under changing climates. Methodology/Principal Findings: With an AFLP genome scan approach, we studied neutral and potentially adaptive genetic variation in Fagus sylvatica in three regions containing a dry and a mesic site each (nind. = 241, nmarkers = 517). We linked this dataset with dendrochronological growth measures and local moisture availabilities based on precipitation and soil characteristics. Genetic diversity decreased slightly at dry sites. Overall genetic differentiation was low (Fst = 0.028) and Bayesian cluster analysis grouped all populations together suggesting high (historical) gene flow. The Bayesian outlier analyses indicated 13 markers with three markers differing between all dry and mesic sites and the others between the contrasting sites wit