early life exposure to famine and colorectal cancer risk a role for epigenetic mechanisms生命早期暴露于饥荒和结直肠癌风险作用的表观遗传机制.pdfVIP

Early Life Exposure to Famine and Colorectal Cancer Risk: A Role for Epigenetic Mechanisms 1 1 ¨ 2 2 Laura A. E. Hughes , Piet A. van den Brandt , Adriaan P. de Bruıne , Kim A. D. Wouters , Sarah 2 3 3 2 4 Hulsmans , Angela Spiertz , R. Alexandra Goldbohm , Anton F. P. M. de Goeij , James G. Herman , 1 2 Matty P. Weijenberg , Manon van Engeland * 1 Department of Epidemiology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands, 2 Department of Pathology, GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, The Netherlands, 3 Department of Prevention and Health, TNO Quality of Life, Leiden, The Netherlands, 4 Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America Abstract Background: Exposure to energy restriction during childhood and adolescence is associated with a lower risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). Epigenetic dysregulation during this critical period of growth and development may be a mechanism to explain such observations. Within the Netherlands Cohort Study on diet and cancer, we investigated the association between early life energy restriction and risk of subsequent CRC characterized by the (promoter) CpG island methylation phenotype (CIMP). Methodology/Principal Findings: Information on diet and risk factors was collected by baseline questionnaire (n = 120,856). T