effect of animal and industrial trans fatty acids on hdl and ldl cholesterol levels in humans – a quantitative review动物的影响和工业反式脂肪酸在人类u2014u2014高密度脂蛋白和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平定量评估.pdfVIP

Effect of Animal and Industrial Trans Fatty Acids on HDL and LDL Cholesterol Levels in Humans – A Quantitative Review 1 1,2 1 Ingeborg A. Brouwer *, Anne J Wanders , Martijn B. Katan 1 Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, EMGO Institute for Health Care Research, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, 2 Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands Abstract Background: Trans fatty acids are produced either by industrial hydrogenation or by biohydrogenation in the rumens of cows and sheep. Industrial trans fatty acids lower HDL cholesterol, raise LDL cholesterol, and increase the risk of coronary heart disease. The effects of conjugated linoleic acid and trans fatty acids from ruminant animals are less clear. We reviewed the literature, estimated the effects trans fatty acids from ruminant sources and of conjugated trans linoleic acid (CLA) on blood lipoproteins, and compared these with industrial trans fatty acids. Methodology/Principal Findings: We searched Medline and scanned reference lists for intervention trials that reported effects of industrial trans fatty acids, ruminant trans fatty acids or conjugated linoleic acid on LDL and HDL cholesterol in humans. The 39 studies that met our criteria provided results of 29 treatments with industrial trans fatty acids, 6 with ruminant trans fatty acids and 17 with CLA. Control treatments differed between studies; to enable comparison between studies we recalculated for each study what the effect of trans fatty acids on lipoprotein would be if they isocalorically replaced cis mono unsaturated fatty acids. In linear regression analysis the plasma LDL to HDL cholesterol ratio increased by 0.055 (95%CI 0.044