sensor placement for urban homeland security applications传感器布置城市国土安全应用程序.pdfVIP

Hindawi Publishing Corporation International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks Volume 2010, Article ID 859263, 15 pages doi:10.1155/2010/859263 Research Article Sensor Placement for Urban Homeland Security Applications David Hamel,1 Matthew Chwastek,1 Saturnino Garcia,2 Bakhtier Farouk,3 Moshe Kam,1 and Kapil R. Dandekar1 1 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104-2875, USA 2 Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA 3 Department of Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104-2875, USA Correspondence should be addressed to David Hamel, david.j.hamel@ Received 16 July 2010; Revised 14 October 2010; Accepted 30 October 2010 Copyright © 2010 David Hamel et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. We simulated a sensor network that detects and tracks the release of harmful airborne contaminants in an urban environment. The simulation determines sensor placement in that environment. The effort required integration of models from computational fluid dynamics (CFDs), combinatorial optimization, and population mobility dynamics. These CFD models, coupled with population mobility models, facilitate estimation of the effect of released contaminant on civilian populations. We studied the effects of a contaminant, chlorine gas, as a function of urban environment, prevailing winds, and likely attack locations. The models predictions optimized sensor node locations, providing mitigation of contaminant effects on human pop