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SAGE-Hindawi Access to Research Pathology Research International Volume 2010, Article ID 505436, 4 pages doi:10.4061/2010/505436 Case Report Retroperitoneal Inflammatory Liposarcoma in a Patient with Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: A Report Highlighting Diagnostic Pitfalls Cathy S. Lim,1, 2 Caroline L. Cooper,1 Warick Delprado,2 James Kench,1 Stanley W. McCarthy,1 and Richard A. Scolyer1, 3, 4 1 Tissue Pathology and Diagnostic Oncology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia 2 Department of Histopathology, Douglass Hanly Moir Pathology, 14 Giff nock Avenue Macquarie Park, Sydney, NSW 2113, Australia 3 Melanoma Institute Australia, 40 Rocklands Road, North Sydney, NSW 2060, Australia 4 Discipline of Pathology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia Correspondence should be addressed to Cathy S. Lim, clim@.au Received 15 July 2010; Accepted 2 November 2010 Academic Editor: P. J. Van Diest Copyright © 2010 Cathy S. Lim et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Well differentiated liposarcoma (WDLS) is the commonest subtype of liposarcoma. Recognised subtypes of WDLSs are lipoma- like, sclerosing, spindle cell and inflammatory. The inflammatory variant of WDLS also known as “lymphocyte-rich liposarcoma” is rare. We present a case of inflammatory WDLS occurring in the retroperitoneum, in a patient with a past history of non- Hodgkin lymphoma. We outline the histological features, discuss the differential diagnoses and highlight the diagnostic pitfalls in interpretation of this lesion on fine needle biopsy. Well-differentiated liposarcoma (WDLS) is the