the plasminogen activation system and the regulation of catecholaminergic function纤溶酶原激活物系统和含有儿茶酚胺的监管功能.pdfVIP

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology Volume 2012, Article ID 721657, 13 pages doi:10.1155/2012/721657 Review Article The Plasminogen Activation System and the Regulation of Catecholaminergic Function Hongdong Bai,1, 2 Samir Nangia,1, 2 and Robert J. Parmer1, 2 1 Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA 2 Veterans Administration San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, CA 92161, USA Correspondence should be addressed to Robert J. Parmer, rparmer@ Received 20 March 2012; Accepted 17 May 2012 Academic Editor: David M. Waisman Copyright © 2012 Hongdong Bai et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The local environment of neurosecretory cells contains the major components of the plasminogen activation system, including the plasminogen activators, tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA), as well as binding sites for t-PA, the receptor for u-PA (uPAR), and also the plasminogen activator inhibitor, PAI-1. Furthermore, these cells express specific binding sites for plasminogen, which is available in the circulation and in interstitial fluid. Colocalization of plasminogen and its activators on cell surfaces provides a mechanism for promoting local plasminogen activation. Plasmin is retained on the cell surface where it is protected from its inhibitor, α2 -antiplasmin. In neurosecretory cells, localized plasmin activity provides a mechanism for extracellular processing of secreted hormones. Neurotransmitter release from catecholaminergic cells is negatively regulated by cle