汽轮机原理（Turbine principle）.doc

汽轮机原理（Turbine principle） Including the principle of steam turbine and the steam turbine stage. The formation and loss of force flow, working principle of steam turbine blade relates to the steam turbine and the way to adapt to changes in external load. 1 O2 P _* `$N: N I* W! According to the working principle of the steam contained energy into mechanical work in turbine stage, steam turbine stage can be divided into impulse level, reactionary and velocity stage 3. S W2} ` H8 T, U3 P level figure 2 shows the working principle of impulse impulse stage diagram. Steam expansion in the nozzle, the pressure from P0 down to the export import P1 (Figure 2A). With the nozzle cross-sectional area gradually decreased (Figure 2b), the speed of the steam in the nozzle is increased gradually. The kinetic energy of steam contained energy into steam, the outflow nozzle absolute velocity is C1, the steam flow angle is alpha 1. The circumferential speed of leaf u, into the blade of steam velocity relative to W1, steam flow angle beta 1. Steam passing through the blade when the pressure does not change, the rotor outlet pressure is equal to the pressure of imported P1 p2. The relative speed of the rotor exit for the W 2, steam flow angle beta 2, the absolute velocity is C2, steam flow angle alpha 2 (Figure 2C). Steam flow through the blades, the direction of change, the momentum of steam flow changes, resulting in force on the blade to drive the rotor to rotate to work. Impulse stage moving blade close to symmetrical. The nozzle and the impeller inlet and outlet steam flow, speed and direction according to a certain proportion with the size and direction of the vector line to indicate that these constitute the so-called triangle of velocity vector line. X/ b-]1 c Q # D5 K3 X B D) H8 H0 Z5 W6 E% f%) ^ u Y)! 8 S4 P3 D% T7 T: \! QB O in H as the ordinate to the enthalpy, entropy S as the abscissa H-S chart (Figure 2D), from the point of the nozzle inlet to the vapor state after a static