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Seven Types of Paragraph Development (段落发展的七种类型)
Seven Types of Paragraph Development
Annotated examples of narration, exposition, definition, description, comparison, process analysis, and persuasion
In their pursuit of clear, concise writing, journalism students sometimes develop the habit
of writing everything in short, choppy paragraphs that are unrelated to one another. Reviewing
any good high school writing handbook will remind you that considerable thought has been
given to how longer paragraphs can be developed into well focused presentations of single units
of thought.
What follows is an (imaginary) article invented to illustrate many of the modes of
discourse--the traditional methods by which writing is developed. In succession, the following
paragraphs are narration, exposition, definition, classification, description, process analysis, and
persuasion. (The process analysis paragraph has been broken into a bulleted list, in typical how
to style.)
In most writing, these modes are mixed in natural combinations; for example, narration
frequently includes description. The following paragraphs have been devised in an attempt to
emphasize the characteristics of each mode of writing. The result is somewhat artificial--you
would not normally write an article containing one each of seven types of paragraphs!--but I
hope it is more memorable than a series of unrelated illustrations.
Narration
Around 2 a.m. something woke Charles Hanson up. He lay in the dark listening. Something felt
wrong. Outside, crickets sang, tree-frogs chirruped. Across the distant forest floated two muffled
hoots from a barred owl. It was too quiet. At home in New Jersey, the nights are filled with the
busy, comforting sounds of traffic. You always have the comforting knowledge that other people
are all around you. And light: At home he can read in bed by the glow of the streetlight. It was
too quiet. And much too dark. Even starlight failed to penetrate the 80
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