第十八章_蛋白质的合成与运转--王镜岩《生物化学》第三版笔记(完美...（Synthesis and operation of the eighteenth chapter -- Wang Jingyan _ protein biochemistry Third Edition (perfect notes...）.docVIP

第十八章_蛋白质的合成与运转--王镜岩《生物化学》第三版笔记(完美...（Synthesis and operation of the eighteenth chapter -- Wang Jingyan _ protein biochemistry Third Edition (perfect notes...） This paper by Lin Shaoxiao where 2 contribution DOC documents may experience poor browsing on the WAP side. It is recommended that you first select TXT, or download the source file to the local view. The eighteenth chapter protein synthesis and operation of the first section outlines a genetic code (a) definition: codons, genetic code dictionary (two) 1. basic characteristics: no punctuation is continuous reading, if the insertion or deletion of a base will make after reading the error occurred, called frameshift. 2. generally does not overlap: only a few genes have overlapping genetic codes. 3. degeneracy: most amino acids have several different codons, and only tryptophan and methionine have only one codon. Codons encoding the same amino acids are called synonymous codons. Degeneracy can reduce deleterious mutations, as well as greatly modify the base composition of DNA and play a role in the stability of species. 4. swing: specific codons mainly fromthe two base decisions, third is not important, called wobble. The I on the counter can be paired with U, A, and C, and G can be paired with the U. 5.UAG, UAA, and UGA do not encode amino acids. As termination codons, they can only be identified by peptide release factors. AUG is the start codon. 6. versatility: almost universal in all living organisms, but found that mitochondria are different, such as UGA encoded tryptophan in human mitochondria. Two. Ribosome (1) structure 1. ribosomal RNA: there are many double helix regions, and 16S plays an important role in identifying initiation site. 2. ribosomal proteins: mostly fibrous, very few globular. 3. structure model: elliptical globular, two subunit binding surface has a large gap, the synthesis of proteins in this. There are two sites on transport of RNA large subunit: aminoacyl site (A) and peptidyl site (P)