肾单位（Nephron）.docVIP

肾单位（Nephron） The nephron is the basic unit of the structure and function of the kidney, including the renal corpuscle and the renal tubule. Each kidney has about about one million renal units. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus and the glomerulus. The renal tubules are elongated, tortuous epithelial ducts. Is usually divided into three sections: the first section and the renal capsule is called proximal tubule, according to the traveling right and wrong, and curved and straight part; second is called the thin section, thin pipe diameter, thin wall; third section called the distal tubule, straight and curved part of the song, the end of the collection pipe. The straight and thin segments of the proximal tubule join the straight part of the distal tubule, called the U loop, or the Henle loop or the nephron loop (nephronloop) Overview The renal tubules (renaltubule) are tubules surrounded by single epithelial cells, and the epithelium is the basement membrane and a small amount of connective tissue. The renal tubule is divided into three parts, the proximal tubule, the minor segment and the distal tubule. The proximal tubule is connected with the renal cyst, and the distal tubule connects the collecting tubule. The renal tubule has reabsorption of some components and excretion in the urine. Proximal tubule Proximal tubule (proximaltubule): the longest and thickest segment of the renal tubule, with a diameter of 50~60 m and a length of about 14mm, accounting for about half of the total length of the renal tubule. The two segments of the proximal tubule, the straight part and the straight part. The proximal convoluted tubule: short proximal tubule (proximalconvolutedtubule), located in the cortex in the renal corpuscle in urine, renal corpuscles near the coil winding. Under physiological condition, the urine continuously enters the proximal convoluted tubule, so the lumen is enlarged If the blood flow is obstructed and the urine is reduced, the lumen may be n